JIA-2022-0619

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2022.09.017

Journal of Integrative Agriculture ›› 2022, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (12): 3467-3487.DOI: 10.1016/j.jia.2022.09.017

JIA-2022-0619

收稿日期:2022-05-06 接受日期:2022-08-11 出版日期:2022-12-01 发布日期:2022-08-11

IPM - Biological and integrated management of desert locust

LI Shuang^1,^2,⁴, FENG Shi-qian^1,⁴, Hidayat ULLAH^{1, 3}, TU Xiong-bing^1,⁴, ZHANG Ze-hua^1,⁴

¹ State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, P.R.China
² Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing 401329, P.R.China
³ Department of Agriculture, The University of Swabi, Anbar-23561, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
⁴ Scientific Observation and Experimental Station of Pests in XilinGol Rangeland, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xilinhot 026000, P.R.China

Received:2022-05-06 Accepted:2022-08-11 Online:2022-12-01 Published:2022-08-11
About author:LI Shuang, E-mail: sclishuang61@163.com; Correspondence Hidayat ULLAH, E-mail: shabkadar@yahoo.com; TU Xiong-bing, Tel: +86-10-82109585, E-mail: xbtu@ippcaas.cn
Supported by:
This work was supported by the International Science & Technology Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAASTIP) (CAAS-ZDRW202108), the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA (CARS-34-07), and the Special Funds for Basic Scientific Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Y2020YJ02).

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

蝗虫在人类历史上造成了周期性的灾难。到目前为止，蝗灾仍然是农业生产的重大威胁。沙漠蝗Schistocerca gregaria是危害最大的蝗虫之一，2020年非洲沙漠蝗灾害造成了巨大的经济损失，多个国家和地区宣布进入紧急状态。沙漠蝗是一种迁徙性害虫，在热带和亚热带地区发生，随季风在非洲大陆和西亚进行往复迁飞。沙漠蝗食性杂、危害重，一旦大面积暴发，将对农作物造成毁灭性灾难，严重威胁粮食安全。前期对沙漠蝗的生物学特性、生态学规律及其综合管理进行了很多报道，这篇综述旨在总结沙漠蝗的生物学特性、分布及其危害，从生物防治、生态治理等多个角度综述了沙漠蝗综合治理的最新策略，并对下一步沙漠蝗监测和防治工作提出了建议。

本文追溯了沙漠蝗起源及其分类地位，它是不完全变态昆虫，包括卵、蝗蝻和成虫3个发育阶段。沙漠蝗还具备远距离迁飞能力，每年可以繁殖1～4代，并且可从散居型转变为群居型。同时，沙漠蝗是一种杂食性昆虫，可取食禾本科、大戟科、玉米科、苋科等300多种植物，对农作物造成严重威胁，在北非、中非及西亚等65个国家均发生过沙漠蝗为害。植物挥发物可以影响沙漠蝗的行为，包括摄食、发育、休息、迁徙及生殖等。气候因素可能是影响沙漠蝗暴发的主要原因，包括温度、光照、降雨、风等，土壤因子也是沙漠蝗栖息的重要因子。沙漠蝗天敌包括捕食性天敌（鸡、鸭、鸟类等）和寄生性天敌（寄生蝇、寄生蜂等）。除直接经济损失外，沙漠蝗灾害还造成了严重的社会影响。

尽早发现和掌握沙漠蝗种群动态，对蝗灾治理具有重要意义。许多国家在沙漠蝗监测和预警方面做了大量工作。关于沙漠蝗防治的报道始于1860年。1921年，Uvarov提出了沙漠蝗“预防和控制”策略，为制定沙漠蝗综合治理策略奠定了重要基础。经过近100年的发展，现阶段初步形成了沙漠蝗综合治理策略，也就是化学防治、生物防治（信息素、微生物制剂、植物源药剂、昆虫生态调节剂、分子及遗传控制等）、生态治理（农业措施等）等多种措施的协同控制策略。本文还分析了现阶段沙漠蝗治理中存在的问题，明确了沙漠蝗治理的发展方向。

Abstract:

Locusts have caused periodic disasters in the recorded history of humankind. Up to now, locust disaster is still the biggest threat to the world’s agricultural production. The desert locust Schistocerca gregaria is one of the most harmful locusts, which has caused massive food crises, economic losses, and ecological disasters. The desert locust is a migratory insect pest that occurs year-round in the tropic and subtropical regions. Under the wind and seasonal alternation, it moves and flies in the African continent and West Asia. Desert locust damages the stems and leaves of more than 300 plants, including Gramineae, Tribulus terrestris, and Euphorbiaceae. Locusts cause devastating disasters to local plants, especially field crops, and significantly threaten food security. To date, voluminous research has been conducted regarding the ecology and management of desert locusts. This review represents an effort to summarize the basic information on the biology and ecology, distribution, damage, and economic impact of desert locusts, examine the recent developments in integrated locust management, and make recommendations for future research.

Key words: Schistocerca gregaria , crops , Orthoptera , locust , agriculture production , ecology

. JIA-2022-0619[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2022, 21(12): 3467-3487.

LI Shuang, FENG Shi-qian, Hidayat ULLAH, TU Xiong-bing, ZHANG Ze-hua. IPM - Biological and integrated management of desert locust[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2022, 21(12): 3467-3487.

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JIA-2022-0619

IPM - Biological and integrated management of desert locust

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