JIA-2021-1460 玉米致死性坏死病研究进展：从病原到病害综合治理

doi:10.1016/j.jia.2022.08.050

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

玉米作为重要的粮食作物和工业原料，几个世纪以来一直被人们广泛种植。玉米致命性坏死病（maize lethal necrosis disease，MLND）是一种严重制约玉米生产的病毒，于1971年首次在秘鲁被发现，近年来在肯尼亚、卢旺达、刚果等非洲国家对玉米的生产造成了毁灭性危害，尤其给小农户造成了严重的经济损失。MLND是由番茄丛矮病毒科玉米褪绿斑驳病毒属的玉米褪绿斑驳病毒和马铃薯Y病毒科的1种或多种病毒复合侵染引起的，危害玉米引起发病植株的叶片产生褪绿、斑驳到局部坏死等症状，严重时叶片枯死甚至全株死亡，严重影响玉米产量甚至造成绝收。深入了解MLND的病原、加强MLND病原的早期检测以及有效防控对切实阻截MLND的扩散蔓延具有重要意义。本文就引起MLND的病原及其基因组结构与功能、分布与危害、传播扩散方式等进行了综述；探讨了已经建立的基于病毒单克隆抗体的酶联免疫吸附等血清学方法、基于核酸检测的PCR和逆转录-环介导等温扩增等分子生物学方法和高通量测序等技术在MLND病原早期检测中的应用；提出了利用种子检疫、推广健康种子、作物轮作、种植抗病或耐病品种等经济、环境友好型的防治措施有效控制MLND。

Abstract: Maize (Zea mays), as a staple food and an important industrial raw material, has been widely cultivated for centuries especially by smallholder farmers. Maize lethal necrosis disease (MLND) is a serious disease infecting maize, which caused devastating damage in the African region recently. MLND is induced by co-infection of maize chlorotic mottle virus and one of several cereal-infecting viruses in the Potyviridae family, with the symptoms ranging from chlorotic mottle to plant death at different infection stages. Integrated pest management for MLND needs strengthening detection, focusing on prevention and effective control. Early detection system of MLND has been successfully established by serological methods, nucleic acid-based methods, next-generation sequencing et al. The practices, such as using certified seeds, sanitary measures, crop rotation, tolerant or resistant varieties etc., have been considered as the effective, economical and eco-friendly way to prevent and control MLND.

Key words: Maize lethal necrosis disease , maize chlorotic mottle virus , integrated pest management

. JIA-2021-1460 玉米致死性坏死病研究进展：从病原到病害综合治理[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2022, 21(12): 3445-3455.

ZHAN Bin-hui, YANG Xiu-ling, Steven A. LOMMEL, ZHOU Xue-ping. Recent progress in maize lethal necrosis disease: from pathogens to integrated pest management[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2022, 21(12): 3445-3455.

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