Journal of Integrative Agriculture ›› 2021, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (9): 2502-2511.DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63253-1

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  • 收稿日期:2020-03-31 出版日期:2021-09-01 发布日期:2021-07-20

Peanut yield, nutrient uptake and nutrient requirements in different regions of China

ZHAO Shi-cheng1, LÜ Ji-long1, XU Xin-peng1, LIN Xiao-mao2, Luiz Moro ROSSO2, QIU Shao-jun1, Ignacio CIAMPITTI2,  HE Ping1 
  

  1. 1 Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, P.R.China
    2 Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
  • Received:2020-03-31 Online:2021-09-01 Published:2021-07-20
  • Contact: Correspondence Ignacio CIAMPITTI, Tel: +1-785-410-93545, E-mail: ciampitti@ksu.edu; HE Ping, Tel: +86-10-82105638, E-mail: heping02@caas.cn
  • About author:ZHAO Shi-cheng, Tel: +86-10-82105029, E-mail: zhaoshicheng@caas.cn;
  • Supported by:
    This project was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2018YFD0201001 and 2016YFD0200102) and the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, USA (21-079-J).

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摘要：

本研究从中国东南、华北和东北花生产区收集了大量的田间试验数据研究了1993-2018年间花生产量、养分吸收和植株体分布特征的变化。从1993至2018年，三大区域的花生荚果产量均逐步增加，东南、华北和东北产区的平均产量分别为4148、5138和4635 kg ha–1。三个区域的氮肥内效率相似，磷肥内效率在区域间从低到高变化为：华北<东南<东北，而钾内效率表现出东南<华北<东北的变化模式。根据养分内效率，生产1吨的荚果产量，花生地上部的平均氮、磷和钾需求量分别为：东南区44.8、5.7和20.6 kg，华北区47.2、5.1和25.5 kg，东北区44.6、4.4和14.7 kg。区域间N/P比以华北<东南<东北的模式变化，东北和华北区N/K比相似，但东南较低。在高量养分吸收情况下，三区域氮、钾收获指数均随养分吸收量的增加而下降。华北高的秸秆磷积累可解释其低的磷肥内效率和N/P比，而东北区高的钾内效率和N/K归因于低的土壤钾供应。前沿分析方法表明养分收获指数随着养分吸收量的增加而下降。本研究揭示了中国不同花生产区的养分供应的限制和盈余状况。


Abstract:

Nutrient balance is essential for attaining high yield and improving profits in agricultural farming systems, and crop nutrient uptake ratio and stoichiometry can indicate crop nutrient limitations in the field.  We collected a large amount of field data to study the variations in yield, nutrient uptake and nutrient stoichiometry of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) in Southeast China (SEC), North-central China (NCC), and Northeast China (NEC), during 1993 to 2018.  Peanut pod yield gradually increased from 1993 to 2018, with average yields of 4 148, 5 138, and 4 635 kg ha–1 in SEC, NCC, and NEC, respectively.  The nitrogen (N) internal efficiency (NIE, yield to N uptake ratio) was similar among the three regions, but phosphorus (P) IE (PIE, yield to P uptake ratio) changed from low to high among regions: NCC<SEC<NEC, while potassium (K) IE (KIE, yield to K uptake ratio) portrayed a different pattern of SEC<NCC<NEC.  Based on the nutrient IE, to produce 1 Mg of pod yield, the average N, P, and K requirements of the above-ground parts of peanut were roughly 47.2, 5.1, and 25.5 kg in SEC, 44.8, 5.7, and 20.6 kg in NCC, and 44.6, 4.4, and 14.7 kg in NEC, respectively.  The N/P ratio changed in the sequence NCC<SEC<NEC, and the N/K ratio was similar in NEC and NCC, but lower in SEC.  The N harvest index (HI) and KHI declined with increasing nutrient uptake across all regions under high nutrient uptake.  The low PIE and N/P ratios in NCC could be explained by the high P accumulation in stover, and high KIE and N/K ratios in NEC may be attributed to the low soil K supply.  The frontier analysis approach provides a practical framework and allows documentation of a decline in nutrient HI as nutrient uptake increases.  Lastly, this study reveals the limitation and surplus of nutrients of peanut in different regions of China.

Key words: peanut ,  pod yield ,  nutrient internal efficiency ,  nutrient stoichiometry ,  harvest index