Potential influence of carbohydrate and amino acid intake by adults on the population dynamics of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

doi:10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63419-0

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

稻纵卷叶螟为水稻上一种重要害虫，目前对于稻纵卷叶螟成虫营养需求以及成虫营养对种群繁殖的影响还不明确。本研究旨在分析糖和氨基酸对稻纵卷叶螟成虫生殖和种群参数的影响。结果表明，取食糖和氨基酸能够显著影响成虫存活和生殖。取食不同种类糖溶液（蔗糖、果糖、葡萄糖）后成虫寿命和繁殖力显著增加，卵巢发育速度加快。取食糖溶液后成虫繁殖力增加主要是由于产卵历期延长及逐日产卵量增加。与取食纯净水相比，取食糖溶液后稻纵卷叶螟种群内禀增长率rm由0.103提高到0.138。取食氨基酸对稻纵卷叶螟成虫寿命、产卵量及卵巢发育无显著影响。补充糖份对稻纵卷叶螟成虫繁殖及种群动态具有促进作用，因此在应用开花植物进行害虫生态调控过程中应充分考虑花蜜对害虫种群的潜在促进作用。

Abstract:

Cnaphalocrocis medinalis is a key lepidopteran pest of rice. However, little is known about the nutritional requirements of the adult or the effects of adult-derived nutrients on reproduction. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of carbohydrates and amino acids on the reproductive and demographic parameters of C.?medinalis. Different feeding solutions significantly influenced adult survival and reproduction. All the sources of carbohydrates used in the treatments (fructose, glucose, and sucrose) were sufficient to increase adult longevity and fecundity, and benefited the development of ovaries in the adult stage. The positive impact of carbohydrates on lifetime fecundity was due to the prolonged oviposition period and the increased daily fecundity. The intrinsic rate of increase (r_m) of C.?medinalis increased from 0.103 in water-fed individuals to approximately 0.138 when adults were fed with solutions containing carbohydrates. In contrast, amino acid intake by adult insects exhibited no effect on the longevity, fecundity, ovarian development or population growth, even showing an impact of decreasing longevity of females. As nectar secreted by the flowering plant is generally rich in sugars, the potential effects of nectar on the adults of C.?medinalis and other pests have to be considered during the development of biological control by applying flowering plants as a microhabitat and food source for natural enemies in rice fields.

Key words: Cnaphalocrocis medinalis , carbohydrate-feeding , adult nutrition , reproduction , population dynamics

. [J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2021, 20(7): 1889-1897.

LI Chuan-ming, XU Jian, LIU Qin, HAN Guang-jie, XU Bin, YANG Yi-zhong, LIU Xian-jin. Potential influence of carbohydrate and amino acid intake by adults on the population dynamics of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2021, 20(7): 1889-1897.

参考文献

Alexandre L J, Octávio N, Vanderly J. 2010. Adult carbohydrate feeding affects reproduction of Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). Neotropical Entomology, 39, 315–318.
Baggen L R, Gurr G M, Meats A. 2000. Field observations on selective food plants in habitat manipulation for biological control of potato moth by Copidosoma koehleri Blanchard (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae). In: Hymenoptera: Evolution, Biodiversity and Biological Control. CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood, Victoria, Australia. pp. 388–395.
Barros E M, Torres J B, Bueno A F. 2010. Oviposition, development, and reproduction of Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) fed on different hosts of economic importance. Neotropical Entomology, 39, 996–1001.
Bauerfeind S S, Fischer K. 2005. Effects of adult-derived carbohydrates, amino acids and micronutrients on female reproduction in a fruit-feeding butterfly. Journal of Insect Physiology, 51, 545–554.
Bauerfeind S S, Fischer K, Hartstein S, Janowitz S, Martin-Creuzburg D. 2007. Effects of adult nutrition on female reproduction in a fruit-feeding butterfly: The role of fruit decay and dietary lipids. Journal of Insect Physiology, 53, 964–973.
Boggs C L. 1990. Effects of male-donated nutrients on female fitness in insects. American Naturalist, 136, 598–617.
Borzoui E, Bandani A R, Goldansaz S H, Talaei-Hassanlouei R. 2018. Dietary protein and carbohydrate levels affect performance and digestive physiology of Plodia interpunctella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 111, 942–949.
Cahenzli F, Erhardt A. 2013. Nectar amino acids enhance reproduction in male butterflies. Oecologia, 171, 197–205.
Carey J R. 1993. Applied Demography for Biologists: With Special Emphasis on Insects. Oxford University Press, New York, USA.
Chakraborty K, Deb D C. 2011. Incidence of adult leaffolder, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) on paddy crop in the agro climatic conditions of the northern parts of West Bengal, India. World Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 7, 738–742.
Chau N N B, Kieu N T P, Van T, Dung N, Quoc N B, Phuong T K. 2019. Effects of floral resources on the longevity and parasitism of Cotesia vestalis Haliday (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) on Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) in Vietnam. Heliyon, 5, e2258.
Clausen H D, Holbeck H B, Reddersen J. 2001. Factors influencing abundance of butterflies and burnet moths in the uncultivated habitats of an organic farm in Denmark. Biological Conservation, 98, 167–178.
Colasurdo N, Gelinas Y, Despland E. 2009. Larval nutrition affects life history traits in a capital breeding moth. Journal of Experimental Biology, 212, 1794–1800.
Darragh K, Byers K J R P, Merrill R M, McMillan W O, Schulz S, Jiggins C D. 2019. Male pheromone composition depends on larval but not adult diet in Heliconius melpomene. Ecological Entomology, 44, 397–405.
Deans C, Sword G A, Behmer S T. 2019. First evidence of protein-carbohydrate regulation in a plant bug (Lygus hesperus). Journal of Insect Physiology, 116, 118–124.
Dindo M L, Rezaei M, De Clercq P. 2019. Improvements in the rearing of the Tachinid parasitoid Exorista larvarum (Diptera: Tachinidae): Influence of adult food on female longevity and reproduction capacity. Journal of Insect Science, 19, 1–6.
Eran L, Marshall D M, Goggy D. 2017. More than just sugar: Allocation of nectar amino acids and fatty acids in a Lepidopteran. Proceedings of the Royal Society (B: Biological Sciences), 284,1848.
Fischer K, O’Brien D M, Boggs C L. 2004. Allocation of larval and adult resources to reproduction in a fruit-feeding butterfly. Functional Ecology, 18, 656–663.
Geister T L, Lorenz M W, Hoffmann K H, Fischer K. 2008. Adult nutrition and butterfly fitness: Effects of diet quality on reproductive output, egg composition, and egg hatching success. Frontiers in Zoology, 5, 10–18.
Gilbert L E, Singer M C. 1975. Butterfly ecology. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 6, 365–395.
Guo P, Wang G P, Jin L J, Fan X Q, He H L, Zhou P W, Guo X R, Li W Z, Yuan G H. 2018. Identification of summer nectar plants contributing to outbreaks of Mythimna separata (Walker)(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in North China. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 17, 1516–1526.
Gurr G M, Lu Z X, Zheng X S, Xu H X, Zhu P Y, Chen G H, Yao X M, Cheng J A, Zhu Z R, Catindig J L. 2016. Multi-country evidence that crop diversification promotes ecological intensification of agriculture. Nature Plants, 2,16014.
Gurr G M, Read D M Y, Catindig J L A, Cheng J A, Liu J, Lan L P, Heong K L. 2012. Parasitoids of the rice leaffolder Cnaphalocrocis medinalis and prospects for enhancing biological control with nectar plants. Agricultural and Forest Entomology, 14, 1–12.
Han Y H, Wen J H, Peng Z P, Zhang D Y, Hou M L. 2018. Effects of silicon amendment on the occurrence of rice insect pests and diseases in a field test. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 17, 2172–2181.
Heimpel G E, Rosenheim J A, Kattari D. 1997. Adult feeding and lifetime reproductive success in the parasitoid Aphytis melinus. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 83, 305–315.
Heyneman A J. 1983. Optimal sugar concentrations of floral nectars-dependence on sugar intake efficiency and foraging costs. Oecologia, 60, 198–213.
Hill C J, Pierce N E. 1989. The effect of adult diet on the biology of butterflies. Oecologia, 81, 249–257.
Jaumann S, Snell-Rood E C. 2019. Adult nutritional stress decreases oviposition choosiness and fecundity in female butterflies. Behavioral Ecology, 30, 852–863.
Jervis M A, Boggs C L. 2005. Linking nectar amino acids to fitness in female butterflies. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 20, 585–587.
Kaplan E L, Meier P. 1958. Nonparametric estimation from incomplete observations. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 53, 457–481.
Khan Z R, Barrion A T, Litsinger J A, Castilla N P, Joshi R C. 1988. A bibliography of rice leaffolder (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). International Journal of Tropical Insect Science, 9, 129–174.
Lee J, Heimpel G. 2005. Impact of flowering buckwheat on Lepidopteran cabbage pests and their parasitoids at two spatial scales. Biological control: Theory and Application in Pest Management, 34, 290–301.
Li C M, Han G J, Yang Y J, Liu Q, Lu Z X, Xu J. 2017. The oviposition and feeding preference of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenée) between four different plants. Rice Science, 31, 315–319. (in Chinese)
Marchioro C A, Foerster L A. 2012. Importance of carbohydrate sources to the reproductive output of the wheat armyworm Pseudaletia sequax. Agricultural and Forest Entomology, 14, 29–35.
Marchioro C A, Foerster L A. 2013. Effects of adult-derived carbohydrates and amino acids on the reproduction of Plutella xylostella. Physiological Entomology, 38, 13–19.
Mevi-Schütz J, Erhardt A. 2003. Effects of nectar amino acids on fecundity of the wall brown butterfly (Lasiommata megera L.). Basic and Applied Ecology, 4, 413–421.
Miller W E. 1996. Population behavior and adult feeding capability in Lepidoptera. Environmental Entomology, 25, 213–226.
Molleman F, Ding J, Carey J R, Wang J. 2009. Nutrients in fruit increase fertility in wild-caught females of large and long-lived Euphaedra species (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). Journal of Insect Physiology, 55, 375–383.
Molleman F, Ding J, Wang J L, Brakefield P M, Carey J R, Zwaan B J. 2008. Amino acid sources in the adult diet do not affect life span and fecundity in the fruit-feeding butterfly Bicyclus anynana. Ecological Entomology, 33, 429–438.
O’Brien D M, Fogel M L, Boggs C L. 2002. Renewable and non renewable resources: Amino acid turnover and allocation to reproduction in Lepidoptera. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 99, 4413–4418.
O’Brien D M, Schrag D P, Del Rio C M. 2000. Allocation to reproduction in a Hawkmoth: A quantitative analysis using stable carbon isotopes. Ecology, 81, 2822–2831.
Pavlik D T, Fleishman E, Wang N, Boswell P, Blair R B. 2018. Sugars in nectar sources and their use by butterflies (Hesperioidea and Papilionoidea) in the Sierra Nevada, California. Journal of the Lepidopterists’ Society, 72, 165–174.
Reifer M L, Harrison S J, Bertram S M. 2018. How dietary protein and carbohydrate influence field cricket development, size and mate attraction signalling. Animal Behaviour, 139, 137–146.
Selvaraj K, Chander S, Sujithra M. 2012. Determination of multiple-species economic injury levels for rice insect pests. Crop Protection, 32, 150–160.
Settele J, Settle W H. 2018. Conservation biological control: Improving the science base. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 115, 8241–8243.
Shono Y, Hirano M. 1989. Improved mass-rearing of the rice leaffolder, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) using corn seedlings. Applied Entomology and Zoology, 24, 258–263.
Vamsi D K K, Kanumoori D S S M, Chhetri B. 2019. Additional food supplements as a tool for biological conservation of biosystems in the presence of inhibitory effect of the prey. Acta Biotheoretica, 26, 1–35.
Wäckers F L, Romeis J, Rijn P V. 2007. Nectar and pollen feeding by insect herbivores and implications for multitrophic interactions. Annual Review of Entomology, 52, 301–323.
Wang W, Lu S L, Liu W X, Cheng L S, Zhang Y B, Wan F H. 2014. Effects of five naturally occurring sugars on the longevity, oogenesis, and nutrient accumulation pattern in adult females of the synovigenic parasitoid Neochrysocharis formosa (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). Neotropical Entomology, 43, 564–573.
Watt W B, Hoch P C, Mills S G. 1974. Nectar resource use by colias butterflies. Oecologia, 14, 353–374.
Wei X, Johnson S J, Hammond A M. 1998. Sugar-feeding strategy of adult Velvetbean Caterpillar (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Environmental Entomology, 27, 1235–1241.
Xu J, Li C M, Yang Y J, Qi J H, Zheng X S, Hu R L, Lu Z X, Liu Q. 2012. Growth and reproduction of artificially fed Cnaphalocrocis medinalis. Rice Science, 19, 247–251.
Xu J, Liu Q, Li C M, Han G J. 2019. Field effect of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis granulovirus (CnmeGV) on the pest of rice leaffolder. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 18, 2115–2122.
Zhang X X, Gong J G, Lu Z Q, Liu W J. 1980. Preliminary report on the biological and ecological characteristics study of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenée). Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology, 6, 3–7. (in Chinese)
Zheng X S, Lu Y H, Zhu P Y, Zhang F C, Tian J C, Xu H X, Chen G H, Nansen C, Lu Z X. 2017. Use of banker plant system for sustainable management of the most important insect pest in rice fields in China. Scientific Reports, 7, 45581.
Zhou Y, Zhao S Y, Wang M L, Yu W H, Wyckhuys K A, Wu K M. 2019. Floral visitation can enhance fitness of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) long-distance migrants. Journal of Economic Entomology, 19, 247–251.
Zhu P Y, Gurr G M, Lu Z X, Heong K, Chen G H, Zheng X S, Xu H X, Yang Y J. 2013. Laboratory screening supports the selection of sesame (Sesamum indicum) to enhance Anagrus spp. parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) of rice planthoppers. Biological Control, 64, 83–89.
Zhu P Y, Lu Z X, Heong K, Chen G H, Zheng X S, Xu H X, Yang Y J, Nicol H I, Gurr G M. 2014. Selection of nectar plants for use in ecological engineering to promote biological control of rice pests by the predatory bug, Cyrtorhinus lividipennis (Heteroptera: Miridae). PLoS ONE, 9, e108669.
Zhu P Y, Wang G H, Zheng X S, Tian J C, Lu Z X, Heong K L, Xu H X, Chen G H, Yang Y J, Gurr G M. 2015. Selective enhancement of parasitoids of rice Lepidoptera pests by sesame (Sesamum indicum) flowers. Biocontrol, 60, 157–167.