Growth and physiological responses of four kiwifruit genotypes to salt stress and resistance evaluation

doi:10.1016/S2095-3119(18)62011-8

摘要/Abstract

Abstract:

In this study, four genotypes (Acva-1, Acva-2, Acva-3 and ZM-2) of Actinidia germplasm resources were grown in different NaCl concentrations (0, 0.4, 0.8 and 1.2 g L^–1). The growth, physiological and biochemical indicators were measured, and a graded scale was developed as the salt damage index (SDI) according to different damage symptoms in leaves. The results showed SDI increased gradually, and average number and length of new shoot decreased significantly. Three antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and catalase) and two osmotic adjustment substances (soluble sugar and proline) showed different changes in old and new leaves of four genotypes. SPAD values exhibited a decreased trend in the whole except in the new leaves of Acva-2. Malonaldehyde contents increased and root activity decreased with the increasing salt concentrations. Principal component analysis was used to assess the salt tolerance, and the results showed Acva-3, from Actinidia valvata Dunn., had the strongest tolerance to salt, and could be a potential resistant resource to the salt-tolerance dedicated rootstock breeding of kiwifruit.

Key words: kiwifruit , salt stress , principal component analysis , resistance evaluation

. [J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2019, 18(1): 83-95.

ZHONG Yun-peng, QI Xiu-juan, CHEN Jin-yong, LI Zhi, BAI Dan-feng, WEI Cui-guo, FANG Jin-bao . Growth and physiological responses of four kiwifruit genotypes to salt stress and resistance evaluation[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2019, 18(1): 83-95.

参考文献

Ahire M L, Walunj P R, Kishor P B K, Nikam T D. 2013. Effect of sodium chloride-induced stress on growth, proline, glycine betaine accumulation, antioxidative defence and bacoside A content in in vitro regenerated shoots of Bacopa monnieri (L.) Pennell. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 35, 1943–1953.
Andrade E R, Ribeiro V N, Azevedo C V G, Chiorato A F, Williams T C R, Carbonell S A M. 2016. Biochemical indicators of drought tolerance in the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Euphytica, 210, 277–289.
Ashraf M. 2009. Biotechnological approach of improving plant salt tolerance using antioxidants as markers. Biotechnology Advances, 27, 84–93.
Ashraf M, Harris P J C. 2004. Potential biochemical indicators of salinity tolerance in plants. Plant Science, 166, 3–16.
Caboni E, Anselmi S, Donato E, Manes F. 2003. In vitro selection of Actinidia deliciosa clones tolerant to NaCl and their molecular and in vivo ecophysiological characterisation. Acta Horticulturae, 618, 77–83.
Cakmak I, Marschner H. 1992. Magnesium deficiency and high light intensity enhance activities of superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, and glutathione reductase in bean Phaseolus vulgaris leaves. Plant Physiology, 98, 1222–1227.
Cha-Um S, Charoenpanich A, Roytrakul S, Kirdmanee C. 2009. Sugar accumulation, photosynthesis and growth of two indica rice varieties in response to salt stress. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 31, 477–486.
Chen J Y, Fang J B, Qi X J, Gu H, Lin M M, Zhang W Y, Wei C G. 2015. Research progress on rootstock of kiwifruit. Journal of Fruit Science, 32, 959–968. (in Chinese)
Dang Z H, Zheng L L, Wang J, Gao Z, Wu S B, Qi Z, Wang Y C. 2013. Transcriptomic profiling of the salt-stress response in the wild recretohalophyte Reaumuria trigyna. BMC Genomics, 14, 1–16.
Dionisio-Sese M L, Tobita S. 1998. Antioxidant responses of rice seedlings to salinity stress. Plant Science, 135, 1–9.
Ferguson A R, Huang H. 2007. Genetic resources of kiwifruit: Domestication and breeding. Horticultural Reviews, 33, 1–122.
Fernandez-Ocana A, Chaki M, Luque F, Gomez-Rodriguez M V, Carreras A, Valderrama R, Begara-Morales J C, Hernandez L E, Corpas F J, Barroso J B. 2011. Functional analysis of superoxide dismutases (SODs) in sunflower under biotic and abiotic stress conditions. Identification of two new genes of mitochondrial Mn-SOD. Journal of Plant Physiology, 168, 1303–1308.
Flowers T J, Colmer T D. 2008. Salinity tolerance in halophytes. New Phytologist, 179, 945–963.
Giorgi M, Capocasa F, Scalzo J, Murri G, Battino M, Mezzetti B. 2005. The rootstock effects on plant adaptability, production, fruit quality, and nutrition in the peach (cv. ‘Suncrest’). Scientia Horticulturae, 107, 36–42.
Hauser F, Horie T. 2010. A conserved primary salt tolerance mechanism mediated by HKT transporters: A mechanism for sodium exclusion and maintenance of high K+/Na+ ratio in leaves during salinity stress. Plant Cell and Environment, 33, 552–565.
Hofman P J, Vuthapanich S, Whiley A W, Klieber A, Simons D H. 2002. Tree yield and fruit minerals concentrations influence ‘Hass’ avocado fruit quality. Scientia Horticulturae, 92, 113–123.
Huang H W, Ferguson A R. 2007. Actinidia in China: Natural diversity, phylogeographical evolution, interspecific gene flow and kiwifruit cultivar improvement. Acta Horticulturae, 715, 31–40.
Kaddour R, Draoui E, Baatour O, Mahmoudi H, Tarchoun I, Nasri N, Gruber M, Lachaal M. 2013. Assessment of salt tolerance of Nasturtium officinale using physiological and biochemical parameters. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 35, 3427–3436.
Kanai M, Higuchi K, Hagihara T, Konishi T, Ishii T, Fujita N, Nakamura Y, Maeda Y, Yoshiba M, Tadano T. 2007. Common reed produces starch granules at the shoot base in response to salt stress. New Phytologist, 176, 572–580.
Kchaou H, Larbi A, Gargouri K, Chaieb M, Morales F, Msallem M. 2010. Assessment of tolerance to NaCl salinity of five olive cultivars, based on growth characteristics and Na+ and Cl– exclusion mechanisms. Scientia Horticulturae, 124, 306–315.
Khan M H, Panda S K. 2007. Alterations in root lipid peroxidation and antioxidative responses in two rice cultivars under NaCl-salinity stress. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 30, 81–92.
Klages K, Boldingh H, Smith G S. 1999. Accumulation of myo-inositol in Actinidia seedlings subjected to salt stress. Annals of Botany, 84, 521–527.
Li D, Liu Y, Li X, Rao J, Yao X, Zhong C. 2014. Genetic diversity in kiwifruit polyploid complexes: Insights into cultivar evaluation, conservation, and utilization. Tree Genetics & Genomes, 10, 1451–1463.
Li M H, Xiao W F, Shi P L, Wang S G, Zhong Y D, Liu X L, Wang X D, Cai X H, Shi Z M. 2008. Nitrogen and carbon source-sink relationships in trees at the Himalayan treelines compared with lower elevations. Plant Cell and Environment, 31, 1377–1387.
Li Z Z, Kang M, Huang H W, Testolin R, Jiang Z W, Li J Q, Wang Y, Cipriani G. 2007. Phylogenetic relationships in Actinidia as revealed by nuclear DNA genetic markers and cytoplasmic DNA sequence analysis. Acta Horticulturae, 735, 45–58.
Lokhande V H, Nikam T D, Patade V Y, Ahire M L, Suprasanna P. 2011. Effects of optimal and supra-optimal salinity stress on antioxidative defence, osmolytes and in vitro growth responses in Sesuvium portulacastrum L. Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture, 104, 41–49.
Luo H H, Zhang Y L, Zhang W F. 2016. Effects of water stress and rewatering on photosynthesis, root activity, and yield of cotton with drip irrigation under mulch. Photosynthetica, 54, 65–73.
Martinez F, Palencia P, Weiland C M, Alonso D, Oliveira J A. 2015. Influence of nitrification inhibitor DMPP on yield, fruit quality and SPAD values of strawberry plants. Scientia Horticulturae, 185, 233–239.
Masia A. 1998. Superoxide dismutase and catalase activities in apple fruit during ripening and post-harvest and with special reference to ethylene. Physiologia Plantarum, 104, 668–672.
Mateo A, Muhlenbock P, Rusterucci C, Chang C C C, Miszalski Z, Karpinska B, Parker J E, Mullineaux P M, Karpinski S. 2004. LESION SIMULATING DISEASE1 is required for acclimation to conditions that promote excess excitation energy. Plant Physiology, 136, 2818–2830.
Mittler R. 2002. Oxidative stress, antioxidants and stress tolerance. Trends in Plant Science, 7, 405–410.
Munns R, Tester M. 2008. Mechanisms of salinity tolerance. Annual Review of Plant Biology, 7, 651–681.
Mwadzingeni L, Shimelis H, Tesfay S, Tsilo T J. 2016. Screening of bread wheat genotypes for drought tolerance using phenotypic and proline analyses. Frontiers in Plant Science, 7, 1–12.
Noreen Z, Ashraf M. 2009. Assessment of variation in antioxidative defense system in salt-treated pea (Pisum sativum) cultivars and its putative use as salinity tolerance markers. Journal of Plant Physiology, 166, 1764–1774.
Nouri M Z, Moumeni A, Komatsu S. 2015. Abiotic stresses: Insight into gene regulation and protein expression in photosynthetic pathways of plants. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 16, 20392–20416.
Orsini F, Accorsi M, Gianquinto G, Dinelli G, Antognoni F, Carrasco K B R, Martinez E A, Alnayef M, Marotti I, Bosi S, Biondi S. 2011. Beyond the ionic and osmotic response to salinity in Chenopodium quinoa: Functional elements of successful halophytism. Functional Plant Biology, 38, 818–831.
Ozfidan-Konakci C, Uzilday B, Ozgur R, Yildiztugay E, Sekmen A H, Turkan I. 2016. Halophytes as a source of salt tolerance genes and mechanisms: A case study for the Salt Lake area, Turkey. Functional Plant Biology, 43, 575–589.
De Pinto M C, Tommasi F, De Gara L. 2002. Changes in the antioxidant systems as part of the signaling pathway responsible for the programmed cell death activated by nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species in tobacco Bright-Yellow 2
cells. Plant Physiology, 130, 698–708.
Plett D C, Moller I S. 2010. Na plus transport in glycophytic plants: What we know and would like to know. Plant Cell and Environment, 33, 612–626.
Price J, Laxmi A, St Martin S K, Jang J C. 2004. Global transcription profiling reveals multiple sugar signal transduction mechanisms in Arabidopsis. The Plant Cell, 16, 2128–2150.
Rengasamy P. 2010. Soil processes affecting crop production in salt-affected soils. Functional Plant Biology, 37, 613–620.
Roy S J, Negrão S, Tester M. 2014. Salt resistant crop plants. Current Opinion in Biotechnology, 26, 115–124.
Shah K, Kumar R G, Verma S, Dubey R S. 2001. Effect of cadmium on lipid peroxidation, superoxide anion generation and activities of antioxidant enzymes in growing rice seedlings. Plant Science, 161, 1135–1144.
Sharbatkhari M, Galeshi S, Shobbar Z S, Nakhoda B, Shahbazi M. 2013. Assessment of agro-physiological traits for salt tolerance in drought-tolerant wheat genotypes. International Journal of Plant Production, 7, 437–453.
Siegel S M, Chen J, Kottenmeier W, Clark K, Siegel B Z, Chang H. 1982. Reduction in peroxidase in Cucumis, Brassica and other seedlings cultured in saline waters. Phytochemistry, 21, 539–542.
Singh M P, Singh D K, Rai M. 2007. Assessment of growth, physiological and biochemical parameters and activities of antioxidative enzymes in salinity tolerant and sensitive basmati rice varieties. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 193, 398–412.
Singha S, Choudhuri M A. 1990. Effect of salinity (NaCl) stress on H2O2 metabolism in Vigna and Oryza seedlings. Biochemie und Physiologie der Pflanzen, 186, 69–74.
Slama I, Abdelly C, Bouchereau A, Flowers T, Savoure A. 2015. Diversity, distribution and roles of osmoprotective compounds accumulated in halophytes under abiotic stress. Annals of Botany, 115, 433–447.
Sleimi N, Guerfali S, Bankaji I. 2015. Biochemical indicators of salt stress in Plantago maritima: Implications for environmental stress assessment. Ecological Indicators, 48, 570–577.
Sofo A, Cicco N, Paraggio M, Scopa A. 2010. Regulation of the ascorbate-glutathione cycle in plants under drought stress. In: Ascorbate-Glutathione Pathway and Stress Tolerance in Plants. Springer, the Netherlands. pp. 137–189.
Teakle N L, Tyerman S D. 2010. Mechanisms of Cl– transport contributing to salt tolerance. Plant Cell and Environment, 33, 566–589.
Tombesi S, Johnson R S, Day K R, Dejong T M. 2010. Interactions between rootstock, inter-stem and scion xylem vessel characteristics of peach trees growing on rootstocks with contrasting size-controlling characteristics. AoB Plants, 13, 1–9.
Wang B S, Luttge U, Ratajczak R. 2004. Specific regulation of SOD isoforms by NaCl and osmotic stress in leaves of the C-3 halophyte Suaeda salsa L. Plant Physiology, 161, 285–293.
Wang H F, Huo Z G, Zhou G S, Liao Q H, Feng H K, Wu L. 2016. Estimating leaf SPAD values of freeze-damaged winter wheat using continuous wavelet analysis. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 98, 39–45.
Wang L, Zhang J L, Wang D, Zhang J W, Cui Y S, Liu Y H, Yang H Y. 2013. Assessment of salt tolerance in transgenic potato carrying AtNHX1 gene. Crop Science, 53, 2643–2651.
Wang Z Y, Gould K S, Patterson K J. 1994. Comparative root anatomy of five actinidia species in relation to rootstock effects on kiwifruit flowering. Annals of Botany, 73, 403–413.
Xiong D L, Chen J, Yu T T, Gao W L, Ling X X, Li Y, Peng S B, Huang J L. 2015. SPAD-based leaf nitrogen estimation is impacted by environmental factors and crop leaf characteristics. Scientific Reports, 5, 1–12.
Yang C W, Xu H H, Wang L L, Liu J, Shi C, Wang D L. 2009. Comparative effects of salt-stress and alkali-stress on the growth, photosynthesis, solute accumulation, and ion balance of barley plants. Photosynthetica, 47, 79–86.
Yang J Y, Zheng W, Tian Y, Wu Y, Zhou D W. 2011. Effects of various mixed salt-alkaline stresses on growth, photosynthesis, and photosynthetic pigment concentrations of Medicago ruthenica seedlings. Photosynthetica, 49, 275–284.
Zhang H B, Cui J Z, Cao T T, Zhang J T, Liu Q Q, Liu H. 2011. Response to salt stresses and assessment of salt tolerability of soybean varieties in emergence and seedling stages. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 31, 2805–2812. (in Chinese)
Zhu J K. 2001. Plant salt tolerance. Trends in Plant Science, 6, 66–71.
Zorb C, Schmitt S, Neeb A, Karl S, Linder M, Schubert S. 2004. The biochemical reaction of maize (Zea mays L.) to salt stress is characterized by a mitigation of symptoms and not by a specific adaptation. Plant Science, 167, 91–100.