Journal of Integrative Agriculture ›› 2015, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (8): 1627-1636.DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(14)60940-0

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

Dormancy release and germination of Echinochloa crus-galli grains in relation to galactomannan-hydrolysing enzyme activity

 SONG Bing-yan, SHI Jin-xiao, SONG Song-quan   

  1. 1、College of Biology Resources and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, P.R.China
    2、Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, P.R.China
  • 收稿日期:2014-08-08 出版日期:2015-08-05 发布日期:2015-08-06
  • 通讯作者: SONG Song-quan, Tel: +86-10-62836484,Fax: +86-10-62590835, E-mail: sqsong@ibcas.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:

    This work was supported by grants from the National Science and Technology Support Program of China (2012BAC01B05).

Dormancy release and germination of Echinochloa crus-galli grains in relation to galactomannan-hydrolysing enzyme activity

 SONG Bing-yan, SHI Jin-xiao, SONG Song-quan   

  1. 1、College of Biology Resources and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, P.R.China
    2、Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, P.R.China
  • Received:2014-08-08 Online:2015-08-05 Published:2015-08-06
  • Contact: SONG Song-quan, Tel: +86-10-62836484,Fax: +86-10-62590835, E-mail: sqsong@ibcas.ac.cn
  • Supported by:

    This work was supported by grants from the National Science and Technology Support Program of China (2012BAC01B05).

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摘要： Echinochloa crus-galli, one of the world’s most serious weeds, influences seriously the yield and quality of cereal crop plant. It is well known that E. crus-galli grain is dormant, but its dormant type, as well as its dormancy release and germination in relation to galactomannan-hydrolysing enzyme activity were poorly understood. The cooperation of endo-β-mannanase (EC 3.2.1.78), β-mannosidase (EC 3.2.1.25) and α-galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.22) can hydrolyze the cell walls rich in mannan-based polymers. In the present paper, the mature grains are used as experimental materials, we investigated the water uptake of grains, the effect of removing partial endosperm, after-ripening, stratification and phytohormone on grain germination, and the change in endo-β-mannanase, β-mannosidase and α-galactosidase activities of grains during after-ripening and germination. The results showed that the freshly-collected grains were water-permeable and had only phase I and II of water uptake, while the grains after-ripened for 150 d had an obvious phase III of water uptake. In alternating photoperiod, the germination of grains freshly-collected was zero at 10–35°C, and that of half grains was 11% at 20°C only. The grain germination was notably promoted by after-ripening and stratification, but not by gibberellic acid and 6-benzyladenine at 0.0001–1 mmol L–1. β-Mannosidase activity increased during 0 to 300 d of after-ripening and then decreased. The activity of endo-β-mannanase and α-galactosidase of grains decreased with after-ripening. During grain germination, endo-β-mannanase and β-mannosidase activities obviously increased, while α-galactosidase activity decreased. Our data showed that E. crus-galli grain was a deep physiological dormant, the dormancy release by after-ripening was related to an increasing β-mannosidase activity, and its germination was closely associated with an increasing endo-β-mannanase and β-mannosidase activity; which have provided new knowledge to decrease the harm of E. crus-galli on production of cereal crop plant.

关键词: after-ripening , deep physiological dormancy , Echinochloa crus-galli , galactomannan-hydrolysing enzyme , phytohormone , stratification

Abstract: Echinochloa crus-galli, one of the world’s most serious weeds, influences seriously the yield and quality of cereal crop plant. It is well known that E. crus-galli grain is dormant, but its dormant type, as well as its dormancy release and germination in relation to galactomannan-hydrolysing enzyme activity were poorly understood. The cooperation of endo-β-mannanase (EC 3.2.1.78), β-mannosidase (EC 3.2.1.25) and α-galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.22) can hydrolyze the cell walls rich in mannan-based polymers. In the present paper, the mature grains are used as experimental materials, we investigated the water uptake of grains, the effect of removing partial endosperm, after-ripening, stratification and phytohormone on grain germination, and the change in endo-β-mannanase, β-mannosidase and α-galactosidase activities of grains during after-ripening and germination. The results showed that the freshly-collected grains were water-permeable and had only phase I and II of water uptake, while the grains after-ripened for 150 d had an obvious phase III of water uptake. In alternating photoperiod, the germination of grains freshly-collected was zero at 10–35°C, and that of half grains was 11% at 20°C only. The grain germination was notably promoted by after-ripening and stratification, but not by gibberellic acid and 6-benzyladenine at 0.0001–1 mmol L–1. β-Mannosidase activity increased during 0 to 300 d of after-ripening and then decreased. The activity of endo-β-mannanase and α-galactosidase of grains decreased with after-ripening. During grain germination, endo-β-mannanase and β-mannosidase activities obviously increased, while α-galactosidase activity decreased. Our data showed that E. crus-galli grain was a deep physiological dormant, the dormancy release by after-ripening was related to an increasing β-mannosidase activity, and its germination was closely associated with an increasing endo-β-mannanase and β-mannosidase activity; which have provided new knowledge to decrease the harm of E. crus-galli on production of cereal crop plant.

Key words: after-ripening , deep physiological dormancy , Echinochloa crus-galli , galactomannan-hydrolysing enzyme , phytohormone , stratification