JIA-2019-11

2667 HU Qian-qian et al. Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2019, 18(11): 2664–2667 using the primers SbCMV-F4 and SbCMV-R4, and the specific 1.6-kb bands were found in five soybean samples fromNanchang City of Jiangxi Province. Sequence analysis showed they share 96.3–99.1% nucleotide sequence identity with that of SbCMV-NC113. 4. Discussion Up to now, SbCMV has only been reported in Japan. Deep sequencing and PCR results showed that SbCMV was identified from soybean in China for the first time. Sequence analysis showed SbCMV-NC113 shared 91.7 and 90.9% full nucleotide sequence homologies with two SbCMV-JAs found in the GenBank (X15828 and E02829), and the two Japanese isolates had 99.0% similarities. Phylogenetic tree verified that two SbCMV-JA isolates had more closer relationship than with SbCMV-NC113 in China. The most variation between SbCMV-NC113 and SbCMV-JA was the ORF III (75.8%), ORF VIII (78.6%), and the IR (85.0%) with an insertion of a total of 42 nts, whether these sequence alterations were related with the different pathogenicity of SbCMV need further study. In 472 field legume samples including soybean, cowpea, mung bean, broad bean and kidney bean from 8 cities of Jiangxi and Zhejiang provinces, SbCMV was only detected from soybean samples in Nanchang City, and six (including NC113) out of 161 soybean samples were infected by SbCMV. It indicated that now SbCMV only infected soybean with a low incidence rate (3.7%) at a limited region in China. While SbCMV is readily transmitted by mechanical inoculation though the natural vector is unknown, the occurrence of SbCMV may spread and cause severe damage in soybean production area as China is the fourth largest soybean growing country. To prevent and control the potential threat caused by SbCMV, further studies are necessary to investigate the geographic distribution and the incidence of SbCMV in whole China. 5. Conclusion To our knowledge, Soybean chlorotic mottle virus was identified from soybean in China for the first time, and the complete genome sequence of SbCMV was also provided. We analysed the genomic organization of SbCMV-NC113 and compared it with soymoviruses and other species in the family Cauloviridae . Field survey of 472 legume plants from Jiangxi and Zhejiang provinces showed SbCMV was only detected from soybean in Nanchang City with a low incidence rate. Acknowledgements This work was supported by the Special Fund for Agro-Scientific Research in the Public Interest, China (201303028) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31571977). Appendix associated with this paper can be available on http://www.ChinaAgriSci.com/V2/En/appendix.htm References Geering A W, Hull R. 2012. Family Caulimoviridae . In: King A M Q, Adams M J, Carstens E B, Lefkowitz E J, eds., Virus Taxonomy : Ninth Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses . Elsevier Academic Press, London. pp. 429–444. Glasheen B M, Polashock J J, Lawrence DM, Gillett J M, Ramsdell D C, Vorsa N, Hillman B I. 2002. Cloning, sequencing, and promoter identification of Blueberry red ringspot virus , a member of the family Caulimoviridae with similarities to the “Soybean chlorotic mottle-like” genus. Archives Virology , 147 , 2169–2186. Hasegawa A, Verver J, Shimada A, Saito M, Goldbach R, Kammen A V, Miki K, Kameya-Iwaki M, Hibi T. 1989. The complete sequence of soybean chlorotic mottle virus DNA and the identification of novel promoter. Nucleic Acids Research , 17 , 9993–10013. Hibi T, Iwaki M, Saito Y, Verver J, Goldbach R. 1986. Double stranded DNA of soybean chlorotic mottle virus. Annals of the Phytopathological Society of Japan , 52 , 785–792. Mushegian A R, Wolff J A, Richins R D Shepherd R J. 1995. Molecular analysis of the essential and nonessential genetic elements in the genome of peanut chlorotic streak caulimovirus. Virology , 206 , 823–834. Stavolone L, RagozzinoA, Hohn T. 2003. Characterization of Cestrum yellow leaf curling virus : A new member of the family Caulimoviridae . Journal of General Virology , 84 , 3459–3464. Takemoto Y, Hibi T. 2001. Genes Ia, II, III, IV and V of Soybean chlorotic mottle virus are essential but the gene Ib product is nonessential for systemic infection. Journal of General Virology , 82 , 1481–1489. Takemoto Y, Hibi T. 2005. Self-interaction of ORF II protein through the leucine zipper is essential for Soybean chlorotic mottle virus infectivity. Virology , 332 ,199–205. Verver J, Schijns P, Hibi T, Goldbach R. 1987. Characterization of the genome of soybean chlorotic mottle virus. Journal of General Virology , 68 , 159–167. Zhong X T, Wang Z Q, Xiao R Y, Cao L G, Wang Y Q, Xie Y, Zhou X P. 2017. Mimic phosphorylation of a β C1 protein encoded by TYLCCNB impairs its functions as a viral suppressor of RNA silencing and a symptom determinant. Journal of Virology , 91 , doi: 10.1128/JVI.00300-17 Executive Editor-in-Chief WAN Fang-hao Managing editor ZHANG Juan