JIA-2019-11

2651 WANG Hao et al. Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2019, 18(11): 2644–2651 the quantity and nature of moisture and related them to the physiology, physio-chemical properties, and quality of fresh ear corn under storage. NMR and MRI are useful and non-destructive tools for the real-time monitoring of moisture distribution, migration, and loss in fresh ear corn during storage to assess its quality. The results of this study can be used for future design of the preserving and processing conditions for fresh ear corn. These results make a convincing contribution to better understanding of the mechanisms relating to water distribution, migration, and loss in fresh ear corn during storage. Acknowledgements This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31171760), the National Public Welfare Industry Research Project of China (201313011-3), and the National Corn Industry Technology System of China (CARS-02-29). References Alexandru V A, Özarslan E, Sarlls J E, Basser P J. 2013. In vivo detection of microscopic anisotropy using quadruple pulsed- field gradient (qPFG) diffusion MRI on a clinical scanner. NeuroImage , 64 , 229–239. Borompichaichartkul C, Moran G, Srzednicki G, Price W S. 2005. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of corn at subzero temperatures. Journal of Food Engineering , 69 , 199–205. Brusewitz G H, Stone M L. 1987. Wheat moisture by NMR. American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers , 30 , 858–862. Carr H Y, Purcell E M. 1954. Effect of diffusion on free precession in nuclear magnetic resonance experiments. Physical Review , 94 , 630–638. Christopher J, Clark J, MacFall S. 2003. Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging of ‘Fuyu’ persimmon fruit during development and ripening. Magnetic Resonance Imaging , 21 , 679–685. Garnczarska M, Zalewski T, Kempka M. 2007. Changes in water status and water distribution in maturing lupin seeds studied by MR imaging and NMR spectroscopy. Journal of Experimental Botany , 58 , 3961–3969. Gong K J, Zhu L G, Chen L R. 2010. Changes of carbohydrate metabolism of postharvest fresh waxy corn. Agricultural Sciences in China , 26 , 72–75. Jenner C F, Xia Y, Eccles C D, Callaghan P T. 1988. Circulation of water within wheat grain revealed by nuclear magnetic resonance micro-imaging. Nature , 24 , 399–402. Mannina L, Segre A. 2002. High resolution nuclear magnetic resonance: From chemical structure to food authenticity. Grasas y Aceites , 53 , 22–33. Massimo F. 2013. Diverse food-based applications of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technology ． Food Research International , 51 , 729–747. McCarthy M J. 1994. Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Food . Chapman and Hall, New York. Meiboom S, Gill D. 1958. Modified spin-echo method for measuring nuclear relaxation times. Review of Scientific Instruments , 29 , 688–691. Quiero O, Arriola K G, Daniel J L, Adesogan A T. 2013. Effects of 8 chemical and bacterial additives on the quality of corn silage. Journal of Dairy Science , 96 , 5836–5843. Ratkovic S. 1987. Proton NMR of maize seed water: The relationship between spin-lattice relaxation time and water content. Seed Science and Technology , 15 , 147–154. Ruan R, Litchfield J B. 1992. Determination of water distribution and mobility inside maize kernels during steeping using magnetic resonance imaging. Cereal Chemistry , 69 , 13–17. Song H, Litch eld J B. 1990. Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging of transient three-dimensional moisture distribution in an ear of corn during drying. Cereal Chemistry , 67 , 580–584. Song H, Litch eld J B, Morris H D. 1992. Three-dimensional microscopic MRI of maize kernels during drying. Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research , 53 , 51–69. Song H D, Gong K J, Chen L R, Sun J. 2007. Changes of fresh corn moisture and influence on flavor quality. Shandong Agricultural Sciences , 3 , 90–91. (in Chinese) Zeng X, Ruan R, Fulcher R. 1996. Evaluation of soybean seed coat cracking during drying. Part II. Using MRI. Drying Technology , 14 , 7–8. Executive Editor-in-Chief WANG Qiang Managing editor WENG Ling-yun