肉鸡酵母水解物代谢能及氨基酸可利用率评定

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2019.20.018

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 The purpose of this study was to evaluate the apparent metabolic energy, nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolic energy, ileal apparent amino acid digestibility, standard ileal amino acid digestibility and total intestinal apparent amino acid digestibility of yeast hydrolysate in broilers, so as to provide the reference for the wide application of yeast hydrolysate in broiler diets. 【Method】 A total of 160 Cobb white-feathered broilers at 18 days old with no difference in body weight were randomly divided into the control group and experimental group. There were 8 replicates in each group, and 10 chickens with half male and half female were in each replicate. The control group was fed a nitrogen-free diet consisting of corn starch, glucose, fiber and soybean oil, and the experimental group was fed a semi-homozygous diet using yeast hydrolysate as the sole crude protein source. Furthermore, the control group and the experimental group were fed with 0.5% titanium dioxide, respectively, as an exogenous indicator. During the whole experiment, free feeding was available for broilers, feces were collected on 22-24 days using total fecal collection method, and the feed intake of broilers was counted. Further, the apparent metabolic energy of yeast hydrolysate and nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolic energy were calculated by measuring the total energy and nitrogen content in both diets and feces of broilers. After26 days of experiment, the latter half of ileum was dissected under anesthesia, the chime was taken out, and the contents of amino acids and titanium dioxide in both diet and ileal chyme were measured to calculate the apparent amino acid digestibility, standard ileal amino acid digestibility and total intestinal apparent amino acid digestibility of yeast hydrolysate. 【Result】 (1) The total energy value of yeast hydrolysate was 18.19 MJ·kg ^-1, the apparent metabolic energy value was 11.22 MJ·kg ^-1, and the nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolic energy was 10.17 MJ·kg ^-1. Effective energy was equivalent to that of common soybean meal. (2) Crude protein content of yeast hydrolysate was 41.7%, and total amino acid was 36.97%. The ratio of essential amino acid to dispensable amino acid was 44:56, which was close to that of common soybean meal. The limiting amino acids of yeast hydrolysate were Met, Met+Cys, Arg, Leu, Ile, Phe+Tyr, Val, His, lys, Thr and Trp, which were different from soybean meal. (3) The ileal apparent amino acid digestibility, standard ileal amino acid digestibility and total intestinal apparent amino acid digestibility of yeast hydrolysate were all higher than 70%. The available limiting amino acids were Met, Met+Cys, Arg, Leu, Ile, Thr, Phe+Tyr, His, Lys, Val, and Trp. Methionine and arginine were the first and the second limiting amino acids, and leucine and isoleucine were the third and the fourth limiting amino acids, respectively. Threonine was poorly available, and was regarded as the fifth restrictive available amino acid. In addition, the limiting amino acids of yeast hydrolysate were quite different to soybean meal. 【Conclusion】 Yeast hydrolysate was a kind of protein feed material. Its protein content and effective energy value were similar to soybean meal, but its amino acid composition and availability were quite different to soybean meal. Therefore, in the application of yeast hydrolysate in broiler diet, it was necessary to consider the need of supplementing different amino acids or mixing different protein feeds to balance amino acids.

Key words: hydrolyzed yeast, broiler, metabolizable energy, amino acid digestibility

Wei ZHANG,JinJun DAI,XueHai YANG,JinTao WEI,MingXin CHEN,JunPeng HU,ShaoWen HUANG. Evaluation of Apparent Metabolic Energy, Nitrogen Corrected Metabolic Energy, Biological Value of Protein and Ileal Digestibility of Amino Acid of Yeast Hydrolysate for Broilers[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2019, 52(20): 3685-3694.

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References 39

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项目 Items	含量 Contents	项目 Items	含量 Contents
干物质DM	94.55	异亮氨酸 Ile	1.69
总能GE/(MJ/kg)	18.19	亮氨酸Lue	2.44
粗蛋白质CP	41.27	色氨酸Trp	0.76
粗脂肪EE	1.35	苏氨酸Thr	2.07
粗灰分Ash	9.00	精氨酸Arg	1.82
钙Ca	0.09	组氨酸 His	0.80
酸溶蛋白Mesonin	33.67	苯丙氨酸Phe	1.59
小肽Peptide	23.83	非必需氨基酸 Dispensable AA	20.73
核酸Nucleic acid	10.56	天门冬氨酸 Asp	3.72
葡聚糖Glucose	15.20	谷氨酸Glu	6.66
甘露寡糖Mannan oligosaccharide	13.95	丝氨酸Ser	1.66
总氨基酸TAA	36.97	甘氨酸Gly	2.03
必需氨基酸 Essential AA	16.24	丙氨酸Ala	3.49
赖氨酸 Lys	2.53	酪氨酸 Tyr	1.36
蛋氨酸 Met	0.50	胱氨酸Cys	0.51
缬氨酸 Val	2.04	脯氨酸 Pro	1.30

原料Ingredients	含量Contents	原料Ingredients	含量Contents
玉米淀粉 Corn starch	20.07	石粉（轻质）CaCO₃	1.30
葡萄糖 Glucose	64.00	碳酸钾 K₂CO₃	0.26
纤维Fibre	5.00	二氧化钛 TiO₂	0.50
大豆油 Soybean oil	5.00	抗氧化剂 Antioxidant	0.01
鸡用多维 Multi-vitamin	0.02	合计Total	100.00
鸡用微量 Mineral Premix	0.20
磷酸二氢钙Ca(H₂PO₄)₂	1.90	营养水平Nutrient levels
碳酸氢钠 NaHCO₃	0.75	总能GE (MJ /kg)	14.94
氯化钾 KCl	0.29	粗蛋白质 CP (%)	0.20
氧化镁MgO	0.20	钙 Ca (%)	0.84
氯化胆碱(50%) Choline chloride	0.50	有效磷 AP (%)	0.44

项目Items	含量Contents	项目Items	含量Contents
原料Ingredients		赖氨酸 Lys	1.17
酵母水解物Composite yeast	40.00	蛋氨酸 Met	0.00
葡萄糖 Glucose	56.29	缬氨酸 Val	1.55
磷酸氢钙CaHPO₄	0.40	异亮氨酸 Ile	0.96
石粉 CaCO₃	2.00	亮氨酸Lue	0.90
食盐NaCl	0.30	色氨酸Trp	0.70
氯化胆碱 (50%) Choline chloride	0.26	苏氨酸Thr	0.63
复合多维Multi-vitamin	0.02	精氨酸Arg	1.74
复合预混料Multi- Premix	0.20	组氨酸 His	0.00
二氧化钛TiO₂	0.50	苯丙氨酸Phe	1.00
抗氧化剂Antioxidant	0.03	非必需氨基酸 Dispensable AA	8.89
合计Total	100.00	天门冬氨酸 Asp	1.64
营养水平Nutrient levels		谷氨酸Glu	3.14
总能 GE /(MJ /kg)	16.07	丝氨酸Ser	0.92
粗蛋白质 CP/%	17.57	甘氨酸Gly	0.66
钙 Ca/%	0.88	丙氨酸Ala	1.77
有效磷AP/%	0.46	酪氨酸 Tyr	0.76
总氨基酸TAA	17.54	胱氨酸Cys	0.00
必需氨基酸 Essential AA	8.65	脯氨酸 Pro	0.00

项目Items	无氮日粮N-free diet	半纯合日粮Semi-purified diet
总能 Feed GE (MJ·kg^-1)	14.94±0.17	16.07±0.02
试验饲粮中粗蛋白质 CP (%)	0.20±0.00	17.57±0.06
日均采食量 ADFI (g·d^-1)	46.70±1.10	50.50±1.78
粪能 Fecal energy (MJ·d^-1)	14.66±0.14	15.35±0.14
粪中蛋白质Fecal CP (%)	16.87±0.45	39.75±0.06
日均排粪总量Fecal output (g·d^-1)	10.25±1.67	14.50±1.44

项目Items	酵母水解物Yeast
表观代谢能AME (MJ·kg^-1)	11.22±0.33
氮校正表观代谢能AMEn (MJ·kg^-1)	10.17±0.35
氮表观代谢率 (%)	35.05±1.56

Evaluation of Apparent Metabolic Energy, Nitrogen Corrected Metabolic Energy, Biological Value of Protein and Ileal Digestibility of Amino Acid of Yeast Hydrolysate for Broilers

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项目 Items	回肠表观氨基酸消化率 AID_AA	标准回肠氨基酸消化率 SID_AA	全肠道表观氨基酸消化率 TED_AA
天冬氨酸Asp	73.15±1.37	76.38±1.36	77.53±0.55
苏氨酸Thr	60.66±0.50	64.33±0.46	61.45±1.11
丝氨酸Ser	69.83±1.15	77.31±1.14	72.44±1.07
谷氨酸Glu	78.75±0.96	82.16±1.11	78.34±0.81
脯氨酸Pro	77.55±0.56	81.84±0.96	75.07±0.67
甘氨酸Gly	74.44±0.93	77.68±0.93	69.78±1.04
丙氨酸Ala	74.05±0.80	79.87±0.91	76.90±0.94
胱氨酸Cys	75.47±0.88	80.36±0.80	76.56±1.23
缬氨酸Val	87.48±0.83	92.41±0.90	78.17±0.62
蛋氨酸Met	81.87±1.03	87.48±0.83	80.90±0.55
异亮氨酸Ile	66.59±1.10	70.76±1.06	65.55±0.63
亮氨酸Lue	69.50±1.06	72.28±1.06	70.67±0.59
酪氨酸Tyr	66.41±1.14	72.85±0.98	70.75±1.14
苯丙氨酸Phe	76.65±0.78	81.23±1.08	81.08±0.40
组氨酸His	76.01±0.55	80.06±0.74	74.40±1.23
赖氨酸Lys	79.34±0.41	83.73±0.41	77.55±0.67
精氨酸Arg	79.58±0.68	84.28±0.66	81.25±0.98
色氨酸Trp	73.56±1.12	79.75±1.84	80.75±2.03
平均值 Means	73.75	81.60	76.18

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