中国农业科学

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最新录用:O2/高CO2气调结合1-MCP对‘玉露香’梨贮藏品质的影响

贾晓辉1,张鑫楠1,刘佰霖1,2,马风丽1,杜艳民1,王文辉1*
  

  1. 1中国农业科学院果树研究所/辽宁省果品贮藏与加工重点实验室,辽宁兴城,1251002德州市农业科学研究院,山东德州,253015
  • 发布日期:2022-08-21

Effects of Low Oxygen/High Carbon Dioxide Controlled Atmosphere Combined with 1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) on Quality of Yuluxiang Pear during Cold Storage #br#

JIA XiaoHui1, ZHANG XinNan1, LIU BaiLin1,2, MA FengLi1, DU YanMin1, WANG WenHui1* #br#   

  1. 1Institute of fruit trees, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Liaoning Key Laboratory of fruit storage and processing, Xingcheng 125100, Liaoning; 2Dezhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dezhou 253015, Shandong
  • Online:2022-08-21

摘要: 【目的】明确低O2/CO2对玉露香梨贮藏期保绿效果及品质维持的效果,为生产上延长玉露香梨贮藏寿命提供理论依据与技术支撑。【方法】分别将商业成熟的玉露香梨进行1.0 μL·L-1 1-甲基环丙烯(1-methylcyclopropene,1-MCP)处理、1%O23%CO2气调Controlled atmosphereCA)贮藏以及1.0 μL·L-1 1-MCP结合1%O23%CO2气调贮藏以普通冷藏为对照,分别于贮藏210 d240 d及货架7 d时,测定果皮颜色、叶绿素含量、果实硬度、可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、抗坏血酸等果实外观和内在品质指标,采用气相色谱法检测果实乙醇、乙醛含量以及乙烯释放量和呼吸强度,调查并计算果柄、果心褐变指数。【结果】与普通冷藏相比,1-MCPCA以及CA+1-MCP均可使玉露香梨果实外观保持较好的绿色,有效减轻果面油腻化程度,在冷藏240 d240+7 d货架时,CA+1-MCP对果皮绿色维持及油腻化控制效果更明显。1-MCPCA均可抑制果实硬度、可溶性固形物和可滴定酸的下降,CA可抑制果心和果柄褐变,但CA降低了果实抗坏血酸含量,CA+1-MCP减缓了CA对果实抗坏血酸的破坏作用。CA+1-MCP对乙醇和乙醛的抑制作用在贮藏240 d时效果更明显,且20 mg·L-1的乙醇含量在玉露香梨耐受阈值以下。CA+1-MCP1-MCP对果实乙烯释放量具有较好的抑制效果,240 d时,CA+1-MCPCA对果实呼吸强度的抑制效果好于1-MCP。【结论】玉露香梨较耐低O2和高CO2CA+1-MCP对玉露香梨的保鲜效果体现在210 d后。因此,冷藏期在210 d以内,采用1.0 μL·L-11-MCP处理,而冷藏期210 d以上,则需1%O23%CO2的低O2/CO2CA结合1.0 μL·L-11-MCP处理,,可保持果实较好的外观和内在品质。


关键词: 低O2/CO2, 1-MCP, 玉露香梨, 保绿, 品质

Abstract: 【ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to clarify the effects of a controlled atmosphere (CA) with low O2/high CO2 on chlorophyll maintenance and quality of Yuluxiang pears during cold storage, to provide a theoretical basis and technical support for prolonging the storage life of Yuluxiang pears.MethodsStorage experiments were performed with commercial mature Yuluxiang pears treated with 1.0 μL·L-11-MCP, 1% O2, 3% CO2, and 1.0 μL·L-11-MCP combined with 1% O2 and 3% CO2 with air treatment as the control. The peel color, chlorophyll content, firmness, total soluble solids, titratable acid, ascorbic acid, and other quality indices were measured at 210 and 240 days of storage and 7 days of shelf life. Ethanol and acetaldehyde content, ethylene production, and respiratory rate of the fruits were detected by gas chromatography. The browning index of the fruit stalk and core was investigated and calculated.ResultsCompared with ordinary cold storage, 1-MCP, CA, and CA + 1-MCP could better maintain the green color of Yuluxiang pear fruits and effectively reduce the degree of greasiness on the fruit surface. CA + 1-MCP had a more pronounced effect on the green color maintenance and greasiness control of the peel when refrigerated for 240 days and 240 + 7 days. 1-MCP and CA could inhibit the decline in fruit firmness, total soluble solids, and titratable acid. CA could inhibit browning of the core and stalk, but CA used alone reduced the content of ascorbic acid in the fruits, and CA + 1-MCP slowed the decline of ascorbic acid in CA fruits. The inhibitory effect of CA + 1-MCP on ethanol and acetaldehyde was more apparent when stored for 240 days, and the ethanol content of 20mg · L-1 was below the tolerance threshold of Yuluxiang pears. CA + 1-MCP and 1-MCP had strong inhibitory effects on ethylene production across the entire storage period. At 240 days, CA + 1-MCP and CA had a stronger inhibitory effect on the respiratory rate than did 1-MCP.ConclusionYuluxiang pears are respiratory climacteric pears, resistant to low O2 and high CO2. The freshness maintenance effect of CA + 1-MCP on Yuluxiang pears was maintained after 210 days. Therefore, when the cold storage period is less than 210 days, a single 1-MCP treatment of 1.0 μ L · L-1 could be used. When the cold storage period is greater than 210 days, fruits should be first treated with 1.0 μL·L-1 1-MCP, and then stored under CA with low O2/high CO2 of 1% O2 and 3% CO2, which can maintain the appearance and internal quality of fruits, as well as significantly prolong the cold storage life.


Key words: Low O2/high CO2, 1-MCP, Yuluxiang , pear, chlorophyll maintenance, quality