中国农业科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (20): 4177-4188.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.20.007

• 植物保护 • 上一篇    下一篇

水稻灌浆期穗颈瘟发生对产量及茎节代谢产物的影响

潘争艳1,2(),刘博1,蒋洪波1,姚继攀1,白元俊1(),徐正进2()   

  1. 1辽宁省水稻研究所,沈阳110101
    2沈阳农业大学农学院,沈阳110161
  • 收稿日期:2020-03-11 接受日期:2020-05-08 出版日期:2020-10-16 发布日期:2020-10-26
  • 通讯作者: 白元俊,徐正进
  • 作者简介:潘争艳,E-mail: pzhyma@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0200200);辽宁省科学事业公益研究基金(GY-20180046);辽宁省博士后项目(178150)

Effect of Panicle Neck Blast on Grain Yield and Stem Node Metabolites at the Rice Filling Stage

PAN ZhengYan1,2(),LIU Bo1,JIANG HongBo1,YAO JiPan1,BAI YuanJun1(),XU ZhengJin2()   

  1. 1Liaoning Rice Research Institute, Shenyang 110101
    2College of Agriculture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161
  • Received:2020-03-11 Accepted:2020-05-08 Online:2020-10-16 Published:2020-10-26
  • Contact: YuanJun BAI,ZhengJin XU

摘要:

【目的】检测自然条件下稻瘟病感病品种茎节的代谢产物,从代谢物角度解析水稻品种感病和产量降低的原因,为粳稻品种感病机理研究和生态防控提供理论依据。【方法】以稻瘟病感病品种辽星1号和粳型恢复系C418为材料,灌浆期调查穗颈瘟发病率,同时采用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)非靶向代谢组学方法检测感病茎节和正常茎节的代谢产物,利用主成分分析(PCA)感病茎节与正常茎节之间代谢物组成,利用偏最小二乘法判别分析(PLS-DA)的变量权重值(VIP>1.0)进行两者之间差异代谢产物种类的筛选,比较两者糖类物质和氨基酸类物质的差异,从代谢物角度解析水稻品种产量降低的原因。成熟期进行结实率、千粒重、粒长、糙米率等产量和品质性状测定。【结果】辽星1号和C418穗颈瘟发病率分别为57.23%和82.94%。穗颈瘟显著降低一次枝梗整精米率、二次枝梗的结实率、千粒重、长宽比和整精米率,其他性状无显著差异。辽星1号和C418的茎节GC-MS检测均定性到358种代谢产物,感病茎节上调了73.46%和67.88%的代谢产物。PCA和PLS-DA分析可以将感病茎节和正常茎节的代谢产物清楚分开,辽星1号和C418的感病茎节和正常茎节之间具有明显不同的代谢产物表型,与正常茎节相比,辽星1号感病茎节诱导61种代谢产物相对含量显著变化,C418感病茎节诱导47种代谢产物相对含量显著变化,两个品种共有显著变化的代谢产物30种。其中,次生代谢产物香草酸、α-生育酚、脱氢抗坏血酸、三十烷醇、大豆苷元和N-乙酰-d-甘露糖胺的相对含量显著下调,辽星1号分别下调了87.03%、96.29%、77.95%、74.56%、86.48%和82.68%,C418分别下调了99.92%、99.68%、97.26%、86.67%、94.96%和76.74%。正常茎节中辽星1号这6种次生代谢产物的相对含量分别是C418的2.64、2.39、2.39、2.27、3.09和2.56倍;感病茎节上调了63.33%的糖类物质和68.42%的氨基酸类物质,糖类物质上调了1.02—17.92倍,氨基酸类物质上调了1.05—13.12倍,其中C418糖类物质上调的幅度更大。【结论】穗颈瘟发生显著改变了感病品种辽星1号和C418的茎节代谢产物组成,感病品种可能通过香草酸、α-生育酚、脱氢抗坏血酸、三十烷醇、大豆苷元和N-乙酰-d-甘露糖胺相对含量的变化调控茎节对稻瘟病的防御反应。感病茎节通过积累大量的糖类物质和氨基酸类物质,降低其向籽粒转运,抑制了产量形成。

关键词: 水稻, 穗颈瘟, 代谢产物, 糖类, 氨基酸, 产量

Abstract:

【Objective】The objective of this study is to detect the stem node metabolite of susceptible cultivars which suffered the rice blast under the natural condition, analyze the reason for rice cultivars susceptibility and yield reduction, and to provide a theoretical basis for the susceptible mechanism study of japonica rice and ecological control.【Method】With susceptible cultivar which suffered the rice blast Liaoxing1 and japonica rice restorer C418 as the materials, the yield and quality character including seed setting rate, 1000-grain weight, length, brown rice were measured at the maturation stage. The incidence of panicle neck blast was investigated at the filling stage, and GC-MS was carried out to analyze the metabolites of diseased stem nodes and normal stem nodes, the metabolite composition between diseased stem nodes and normal stem nodes was analyzed by principal components analyses (PCA), the variable weights (VIP>1.0) of partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) were used to screen the species of differential metabolites, the difference of carbohydrate and amino acid metabolites was compared, and the reasons for the decrease of rice yield were analyzed from the metabolites.【Result】The incidence of panicle neck blast of Liaoxing1 and C418 was 57.23% and 82.94%, respectively. The panicle neck blast significantly reduced the head rice rate of the primary branch, the seed set rate, 1000-grain weight, length-width ratio and head rice rate of the secondary branch, there was no significant difference in other characters. 358 metabolites were identified in the two cultivars, the metabolites of diseased stem node increased by 73.46% and 67.88%, respectively. The PCA and PLS-DA analysis could clearly identify the metabolites of diseased stem node and normal stem node. The metabolite phenotypes of Liaoxing 1 and C418 were obviously different between the diseased stem node and normal stem node. Compared with normal stem node, the relative content of 61 metabolites induced by Liaoxing 1 diseased stem nodes changed significantly, and the relative content of 47 metabolites induced by C418 diseased stem nodes changed significantly, there were 30 metabolites in same of the diseased stem nodes of these two cultivars. The relative content of secondary metabolites of vanillic acid, alpha tocopherol, dehydroascorbic acid, triacontanol, daidzein and N-acetyl-d-mannosamine significantly decreased by 87.03%, 96.29%, 77.95%, 74.56%, 86.48% and 82.68% in Liaoxing1, respectively. In C418, it decreased by 99.92%, 99.68%, 97.26%, 86.67%, 94.96% and 76.74%, respectively. The relative content of the above six types of secondary metabolites in normal stem node of Liaoxing1 was 2.64, 2.39, 2.39, 2.27, 3.09 and 2.56 times of that in C418, respectively. The panicle neck blast increased 63.33% of carbohydrate metabolites and 68.42% of amino acid metabolites in stem node, the carbohydrate and amino acid metabolites increased by 1.02-17.92 and 1.05-13.12 times, respectively. Among them, the enhanced amplitude of carbohydrate metabolites in C418 was more significant.【Conclusion】The occurrence of panicle neck blast significantly changed the metabolite composition of susceptible cultivars Liaoxing 1 and C418 stem node, the susceptible cultivar may adjust its defensive reaction to the rice blast following the relative amount change of vanillic acid, alpha tocopherol, dehydroascorbic acid, triacontanol, daidzein and N-acetyl-d-mannosamine. By accumulating a large amount of the carbohydrate and amino acid metabolites, the diseased stem nodes reduce their transport to grains and restrain the formation of yield.

Key words: Oryza sativa, panicle neck blast, metabolite, carbohydrate, amino acid, yield