中国农业科学 ›› 2017, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (15): 3024-3032.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2017.15.016

• 畜牧·兽医·资源昆虫 • 上一篇    下一篇

海南特种野公猪不同世代膻味物质含量及相关性分析

蔡克奇,羊宣科,王鹏,吴科榜   

  1. 海南大学热带农林学院,海口 570228
  • 收稿日期:2016-11-21 出版日期:2017-08-01 发布日期:2017-08-01
  • 联系方式: 蔡克奇,Tel:13519837694;E-mail:931160431@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    海南省重点科技计划项目(ZDXM20120008)

Change Regularity and Correlation Analysis of Hainan Special wild Boar Taint Substances

CAI KeQi, YANG XuanKe, WANG Peng, WU KeBang   

  1. College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228
  • Received:2016-11-21 Published:2017-08-01 Online:2017-08-01

摘要: 【目的】通过比较不同世代杂交海南特种野公猪F1、F2、F3膻味物质雄烯酮、粪臭素和吲哚含量,及血清性激素水平的差异,揭示公猪膻味物质的变化规律及性激素的变化对膻味物质含量的影响,为选育低膻味性状的公猪提供理论基础。【方法】以12月龄F1、F2、F3不同世代杂交公猪(野猪♂×屯昌猪♀)各18头为研究对象。试验猪空腹12 h,于前腔静脉采取血液样本并提取血清样品,采血后将试验猪屠宰,按照商品猪分割标准从第三和第四颈椎之间的颈部区采集脂肪和肌肉样品。利用(ELISA)试剂盒检测血清样品雄烯酮和性激素水平及脂肪和肌肉样本的雄烯酮含量,采用高效液相色谱法检测血清、脂肪和肌肉样本的粪臭素和吲哚含量。【结果】海南特种野公猪膻味物质雄烯酮、粪臭素和吲哚在血清、脂肪和肌肉组织中非均匀分布。脂肪和肌肉组织中的粪臭素和雄烯酮含量均与血清中的粪臭素和雄烯酮含量存在显著或极显著相关性(P<0.05或P<0.01),脂肪中粪臭素的含量与血清中粪臭素含量的相关系数最大为0.94。公猪肉品膻味物质粪臭素、雄烯酮和吲哚的沉积量在不同杂交代公猪间存在明显差异,其中雄烯酮的沉积量随着野猪血统的增加而增加,粪臭素的沉积量则随着野猪血统的增加而降低,而吲哚的沉积量不存在随野猪血统的变化规律。性激素水平在不同杂交代野猪间存在明显差异,其中雄激素睾酮水平随着野猪血统的增加而极显著增加(P<0.01),而F1公猪的雌二醇水平极显著低于F2和F3公猪(P<0.01)。雄烯酮含量均与血清睾酮水平呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),而粪臭素含量均与血清睾酮水平呈显著或极显著负相关(P<0.01),血清雄烯酮含量与睾酮水平的相关系数最大为0.95。【结论】随着海南特种野公猪血统的增加,睾酮水平和雄烯酮的沉积量显著增加,而粪臭素的沉积量显著降低。因此,海南特种野公猪睾酮水平的变化影响粪臭素和雄烯酮含量的变化。

关键词: 公猪, 膻味, 雄烯酮, 粪臭素, 睾酮

Abstract: 【Objective】 The aim of this study is to reveal the change regularity of boar taint substances by comparing differences in androstenone, skatole and indole in F1, F2, F3 different generations and boar taint substances effects on sex hormone levels to provide a theoretical basis for breeding of low-lying boar taint pigs. 【Method】 Eighteen individuals each of the different generations (boar♂×Tunchang pig♀) F1, F2, and F3 were used as the research objects. Then blood was collected and sera were extracted from the precaval vein of the experimental pigs, and then the fat and muscle samples were collected from the neck after slaughtering with standard method. ELISA kit and high performance liquid chromatography were used to detect and analyze the sex hormones, skatole and indole levels of each sample. The correlation and significance analysis of data were conducted by using SAS 9.0 software. 【Result】 The contents of skatole, androstenone and indole showed different correlation levels in different tissues. Skatole and androstenone contents of fat and muscle showed a significant positive relationship (P<0.05 or P<0.01) with serum, and the maximum correlation coefficient of skatole in fat with that in serum was 0.94. Skatole, androstenone and indole contents of pork showed significant differences among different hybrid generations. With the increase of wild boar blood, androstenone levels were significantly increased, while the skatole levels were significantly reduced, but the indole showed no regularity in change. The sex hormone levels also had significant differences among different hybrid generations, the testosterone levels were significantly increased with wild boar blood, estradiol levels of F1 were significantly lower than that of F2 and F3. Skatole, androstenone and indole contents of fat, muscle and serum in different hybrid generations had different correlations with sex hormone levels, and androstenone of them had significant positive (P<0.01) correlation with testosterone. Skatole had a significant negative (P<0.05 or P<0.01) correlation with testosterone. The maximum correlation coefficient between androstenone and testosterone in serum was 0.95. 【Conclusion】 With the increase of the content of the Hainan special wild boar blood, the testosterone levels increased significantly, the androstenone sedimentary volume increased significantly, and the skatole deposition quantity significantly reduced. So the changes of testosterone levels of Hainan special wild boar affect the contents of skatole and androstenone.

Key words: wild boar, boar taint, androstenone, skatole, testosterone