中国农业科学 ›› 2017, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (9): 1624-1634.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2017.09.008

• 植物保护 • 上一篇    下一篇

40%噻虫嗪·吡唑醚菌酯悬浮种衣剂成膜及生物学特性

齐麟,王昱翔,王宁,段一鸣,张盈,王娅,肖璐璐,李晓刚   

  1. 湖南农业大学植物保护学院/南方粮油作物协同创新中心/湖南省生物农药与制剂加工工程技术研究中心,长沙410128
  • 收稿日期:2016-11-28 出版日期:2017-05-01 发布日期:2017-05-01
  • 通讯作者: 李晓刚,E-mail:lxgang@aliyun.com
  • 作者简介:齐麟,E-mail:qlqlqlql7@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0201200)、湖南省平台开放基金(15K064)、湖南省研究生科研创新项目(CX2016B304)

Film Formation and Biological Properties of 40% Thiamethoxam·Pyraclostrobin Flowable Concentrate for Seed Coating

QI Lin, WANG YuXiang, WANG Ning, DUAN YiMing, ZHANG Ying, WANG Ya, XIAO LuLu, LI XiaoGang   

  1. College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University/Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China/Hunan Provincial Engineering & Technology Research Center for Bio-pesticide and Formulating Processing, Changsha 410128
  • Received:2016-11-28 Online:2017-05-01 Published:2017-05-01

摘要: 【目的】种子包衣已成为防治农作物病虫害的重要手段,可以有效地防治苗期病虫害和提高农药药效,减少用药次数,减少劳动力等。本研究基于构建的成膜助剂制备40%噻虫嗪·吡唑醚菌酯悬浮种衣剂,并系统评价水稻包衣后的生物学特性,旨在拓宽悬浮种衣剂在水稻病虫害精准防治上的应用。【方法】采用乳液聚合法制备双丙酮丙烯酰胺-丙烯酸丁酯二元共聚成膜剂,然后通过湿式超微粉碎加工工艺制备40%噻虫嗪·吡唑醚菌酯悬浮种衣剂并优选其配方。对成膜助剂耐水性及成膜稳定性进行表征,检测制备的种衣剂的质量指标。同时,在不同浓度下对种子进行包衣,确定其最佳药种比,采用盆栽试验对种衣剂处理的水稻幼苗的根长、株高、白根数、叶数、根系活力、叶绿素、游离脯氨酸、抗氧化酶等生物学性质进行评价。【结果】双丙酮丙烯酰胺-丙烯酸丁酯二元共聚成膜剂具有良好的成膜稳定性,通过光学显微镜观察种衣剂的吸水性、耐水性变化,发现该膜在水中溶解缓慢,直至35 d,破损面积和孔隙率变化仍没有明显增大。40%噻虫嗪·吡唑醚菌酯悬浮种衣剂的最佳配方为噻虫嗪25%,吡唑醚菌酯15%、快T0.5%、FS3000 8%、硅酸镁铝0.3%、黄原胶0.12%、皂土0.5%、乙二醇5%以及海舒液体红2R 5%。种衣剂悬浮率为97.90%,成膜时间为12 min,成膜性良好,包衣均度88.23%,分散性良好,黏度0.53 Pa·s,脱落率3.25%,有良好冷贮稳定性和热贮稳定性,各项指标均符合悬浮种衣剂质量标准要求。采用药种比1﹕50(2.88 g a.i/kg)处理,发芽率较对照组提高了31.98%,较阳性对照迈舒平(药种比1﹕75)提高了6.57%;株高较对照组提高了6.48%,较阳性对照迈舒平(药种比1﹕75)提高了9.42%;根系活力较对照组增加了38.07%,较阳性对照迈舒平(药种比1﹕75)增加了24.20%;叶绿素含量较对照组增加了143.02%,较阳性对照迈舒平(药种比1﹕75)增加了78.63%;游离脯氨酸含量较对照组增加了28.70%,较阳性对照迈舒平(药种比1﹕75)增加了23.79%;超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性较对照组增加了30.69%,较阳性对照迈舒平(药种比1﹕75)增加了15.66%;对过氧化物酶(POD)活性和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性作用不明显,总体来说对抗氧化酶活性影响不显著。【结论】40%噻虫嗪·吡唑醚菌酯悬浮种衣剂成膜性好、持效期长、发芽率高,对水稻种子安全,无不良影响,为种子苗期生长提供有力保障。

 

关键词: 水稻, 悬浮种衣剂, 乳液合成, 稳定性, 生物学特性

Abstract: 【Objective】As we all know, seed coating has become an important means of crop disease and pest control. It can effectively and efficiently control pests and diseases at seedling stage, improve the efficacy of pesticides, reduce the number of drugs, reduce labor and so on. In order to broaden the application of flowable concentrate for seed coating (FSC) in precise control of rice diseases and insect pests, 40% thiamethoxam-pyraclostrobin flowable concentrate for seed coating was prepared based on the film-forming agent, and the stability and safety of rice seed coating were systematically evaluated.【Method】The formulation of diacetone acrylamide-butyl acrylate copolymer was prepared by emulsion polymerization. The formulation of 40% thiamethoxam·pyraclostrobin flowable concentrate for seed coating was optimized, and prepared through the wet milling process. The film-forming agents were characterized by water-resistance and film-forming stability, and the quality indexes of seed coating were tested. At the same time, the biological properties of rice seedling treated with seed coating agent were evaluated by pot experiment, and the optimum dose was determined by laboratory test. Root length, plant height, root number, leaf number, root activity, chlorophyll, free proline, antioxidant enzyme were also evaluated.【Result】Diacetone acrylamide-butyl acrylate copolymer film had a good film-forming stability, and the changes of water absorption and resistance in the seed coating were observed by optical microscope. The membrane was dissolved slowly in water, until 35 d, there were small changes in its damage area and porosity. The optimum formulation of 40% thiamethoxam·pyraclostrobin flowable concentrate for seed coating was 25% of thiamethoxam, 15% of pyrazolemcetate, 0.5% of quick T, 8% of FS 3000, 0.3% of magnesium aluminum silicate, 0.12% of xanthan gum and 0.5% of bentonite, 5% of ethylene glycol and 5% of Haishu Liquid Red 2R. The suspension rate of FSC was 97.90%, film formation time was 12 min, with good film formation and dispersion. The coating uniformity was 88.23%, viscosity was 0.53 Pa·s, the drop rate of 3.25%, with good cold and thermal storage stability. All the indicators of the flowable concentrate for seed coating met the relevant suspension seed coating quality standards. The germination rate of rice seeds increased by 31.98% compared to CK and by 6.57% compared to the positive control, plant height increased by 6.48% and 9.42% compared to the positive control, root activity increased by 38.07% and 24.20% compared to the positive control, and chlorophyll content increased by 143.02% and 78.63% compared to the positive control, free proline content increased by 28.70% and 23.79% compared to the positive control. And the effect on antioxidant enzyme activity was not significant, SOD enzyme activity increased by 30.69% compared to CK and by 15.66% compared to the positive control, changes of POD and CAT enzyme activity was not significant, using a drug ratio of 1﹕50 (2.88 g a.i/kg) treatment.【Conclusion】40% thiamethoxam·pyraclostrobin flowable concentrate for seed coating has good film-forming properties, long persistence period, high germination rate, and safe for rice seed, which could provide a powerful guarantee for the seedling growth of rice.

 

Key words: rice, flowable concentrate for seed coating, emulsion polymerization, stability, biological characteristics