基于不同施肥模式添加生物炭后菜地土壤CO2释放特征及不同形态碳含量变化

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2016.18.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究4种常规施肥模式下，添加生物炭后菜地土壤（褐潮土）CO₂释放量、可溶性有机碳（DOC）和微生物生物量碳（SMBC）含量的变化，阐明添加生物炭对土壤CO₂释放及不同形态碳的影响。【方法】采用室内恒温好氧培养-气象色谱测定方法，在不施肥（CK）、施有机肥（M）、施化肥（F）、有机无机混施（M+F）4种模式下投入2%和4%（质量比：生物炭/土壤干重）生物炭，定期采集气样和土样，分析土壤CO₂的释放量及DOC、SMBC含量的动态变化，并分析DOC、SMBC含量变化与CO₂释放量变化之间的相关关系。【结果】在F和M+F基础上，添加生物炭处理的土壤CO₂释放速率在培养前期（2—8 d）显著高于未添加生物炭处理，而在10—60 d，二者CO₂释放速率无显著差异；在CK和M基础上，添加与未添加生物炭处理在整个培养期间CO₂释放速率没有显著差异。在CK基础上，添加2%和4%生物炭后CO₂累积释放量分别为2 839和3 272 mg·kg^-1，与CK（3 134 mg·kg^-1）相比均无显著差异；而在F和M+F基础上，添加2%和4%生物炭后CO₂累积释放量均显著提高，分别提高20.6%和19.8%、29.9%和40.7%。相关分析表明，未添加生物炭处理DOC、SMBC含量与CO₂释放量之间无相关关系，而添加生物炭处理DOC、SMBC含量与CO₂释放量极显著相关。【结论】将生物炭单独投入未施肥土壤中，土壤CO₂排放量未出现明显增加或降低；在有机肥基础上添加生物炭，土壤CO₂排放量随着生物炭投入量的增加而增加；在化肥、有机无机配施基础上添加生物炭后，土壤CO₂排放增加比例最高。

关键词: 施肥模式, 生物炭, CO₂, 可溶性有机碳, 微生物生物量碳

Abstract:

【Objective】In order to clarify the effects of application of biochar on soil CO₂ emissions and changes in different forms of organic carbon, soil CO₂ emissions and dynamics of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and microbial biomass carbon (SMBC) were measured after application of biochar under various fertilization regimes.【Method】An incubation was designed to investigate the CO₂ emission and dynamics of DOC and SMBC after application of 2% (biochar/dry soil) and 4% biochar under various fertilization regimes (no fertilizer (CK), organic manure (M), inorganic fertilizer (F), M+F). The correlation among DOC, SMBC and CO₂ were analyzed.【Result】 In the F and M+F treatments added with biochar, soil CO₂ emission rates in the early period (2-8 d) was significantly higher than those without adding biochar, while during the 10-60 d, CO₂ release rates in both treatments were no significant differences. In the CK and M treatments, the CO₂ emission rates were no significant differences between the treatments with or without adding biochar throughout the incubation. In CK treatment, the cumulative CO₂ emission with application of biochar was not differed with that without biochar. In the F and M+F treatments, the cumulative CO₂ emissions were significantly increased after application of 2% and 4% biochar (20.6% and 19.8%, 29.9% and 40.7%, respectively). The correlation showed that there was no relationship between DOC/SMBC and CO₂ emissions without adding biochar, however, there was an obvious correlation when biochar was applied. 【Conclusion】Soil CO₂ emissions did not change when biochar was applied to the unfertilized soil. However, the cumulative CO₂emission increased by application of biochar into the soil with manure application. Furthermore, the increment of CO₂ emission was dramatically increased when biochar was applied into the soil with inorganic fertilizers plus manure.

Key words: fertilization regimes, biochar, CO₂, DOC, SMBC

魏雪勤，孙楠，张旭博，张崇玉，王道龙，申华平. 基于不同施肥模式添加生物炭后菜地土壤CO₂释放特征及不同形态碳含量变化[J]. 中国农业科学, 2016, 49(18): 3578-3587.

WEI Xue-qin, SUN Nan, ZHANG Xu-bo, ZHANG Chong-yu, WANG Dao-long, SHEN Hua-ping. Characteristics of CO₂ Emissions and Changes in Carbon Fractions after Application of Biochar Under Various Fertilization Regimes in Vegetable Soil[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2016, 49(18): 3578-3587.

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基于不同施肥模式添加生物炭后菜地土壤CO₂释放特征及不同形态碳含量变化

Characteristics of CO₂ Emissions and Changes in Carbon Fractions after Application of Biochar Under Various Fertilization Regimes in Vegetable Soil

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