中国农业科学 ›› 2014, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (9): 1858-1864.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2014.09.021

• 研究简报 • 上一篇    

中国荷斯坦牛SCD1外显子5基因多态性及其对乳中脂肪酸组成的影响

 王小龙, 常玲玲, 陈莹, 陈仁金, 李云龙, 毛永江, 冀德君, 杨章平   

  1. 扬州大学动物科学与技术学院,江苏扬州 225009
  • 收稿日期:2013-09-05 出版日期:2014-05-01 发布日期:2014-03-14
  • 通讯作者: 杨章平,E-mail:yzp@yzu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:王小龙,Tel:13852734979;E-mail:wangxl@yzu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金项目(31272407,31372286)、江苏省教育厅自然科学基金项目(13KJB230001)、扬州大学科技创新培育基金(2012CXJ073)

Genetic Polymorphism of the SCD1 Gene and Its Associations with Milking Traits in Chinese Holstein

 WANG  Xiao-Long, CHANG  Ling-Ling, CHEN  Ying, CHEN  Ren-Jin, LI  Yun-Long, MAO  Yong-Jiang, JI  De-Jun, YANG  Zhang-Ping   

  1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu
  • Received:2013-09-05 Online:2014-05-01 Published:2014-03-14

摘要: 【目的】探讨中国南方地区荷斯坦牛SCD1基因外显子5遗传多态性及其对乳中不饱和脂肪酸含量及其不饱和指数的影响。【方法】以扬州大学实验农牧场323头中国荷斯坦牛为试验材料,采用PCR-SSCP法对SCD1基因外显子5的3个位点遗传多态性进行分析,同时挑选140头体况相近(BCS=3.0±0.5)、无临床乳房炎、胎次在2—3胎、处于泌乳中后期(产奶100—300 d)的中国荷斯坦牛,取全天混合奶样(早﹕中﹕晚=4﹕3﹕3)100 mL用于测定脂肪酸含量,进而分析多态性对乳中脂肪酸成分的影响。【结果】SCD1-702位点无多态,SCD1-762和SCD1-878分别发现T/C和C/T两个突变。SCD1-762位点A为优势等位基因,基因频率为0.7897。SCD1-878位点C为优势基因,频率为0.7835。χ2检验表明该群体的中国荷斯坦奶牛在SCD1基因的这两个位点都处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态(P>0.05)。SCD1-762与SCD1-878处于极显著连锁不平衡,连锁不平衡系数r2为0.879,达到极显著水平(P<0.01)。SCD1-762和SCD1-878两位点共组成4种单倍型:AC、BC、AT、BT。SCD1-762、SCD1-878及其单倍型对MUFA比例及总不饱和指数的影响均达到显著水平(P<0.05),即SCD1 878位点TT型乳中MUFA比例及总不饱和脂肪酸指数显著低于CC和CT型,而SFA比例显著高于CC和CT型(P<0.05);SCD1 762位点BB型乳中MUFA比例及总不饱和脂肪酸指数显著低于AA和AB型(P<0.05)。单位型AC型MUFA比例及总不饱和指数显高于BT型,而SFA比例显著低于BT型(P<0.05)。【结论】SCD1 878和762位点突变对乳中乳脂肪酸组成及饱和指数有显著的遗传效应,可作为影响中国荷斯坦奶牛乳脂肪酸组成的重要候选基因。

关键词: 中国荷斯坦牛 , SCD1 , 多态性 , 脂肪酸含量

Abstract: 【Objective】This experiment was conducted to explore the association between SCD1 gene and milking traits in Chinese Holstein in south China. 【Method】 The polymorphism of SCD1 gene was investigated for 323 Chinese Holstein cattle from the experimental farm of Yangzhou University using Polymerase Chain Reaction-Single Strand Conformation Polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) technique, at the same time, from 140 Chinese Holstein with similar body condition (BCS=3.0±0.5), no clinical mastitis, 2-3 parities and during lactation, 100 mL mixed milk samples a day (morning﹕noon﹕evening=4﹕3﹕3) were collected for determining the content of fatty acid, and then 100 mL mixed milk samples were collected all day (morning﹕mid-day﹕evening), which were used for determining fatty acid, and the effects of alleles on the component of fatty acids were then analyzed using a mixed animal model. 【Result】Two polymorphic sites, SCD1-762 and SCD1-878, were detected with the advantageous allele frequencies of A at SCD1-762 and C at SCD1-878 were 0.7897 and 0.7835, respectively. χ2 test indicated that these two sites were in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Linkage disequilibrium existed between SCD1-762 and SCD1-878 (r2=0.879) at a very significant level (P<0.01). Four haplotypes were defined at the two sites, TC, CC, TT, and CT. Effect of SCD1-762, SCD1-878 or certain haplotypes was significant on the ratio of MUFA and the total saturation degree in milk (P<0.05). The ratio of MUFA and total saturation degree in milk of haplotype TC was significantly higher than CT, while the ratio of SFA was significantly lower than CT (P<0.05).【Conclusion】The two polymorphic sites had some genetic effects on milking traits, but further researches are needed for its mechanism.

Key words: Chinese Holstein , SCD1 , polymorphism , milking traits