饲粮中添加色氨酸对仔猪混群后行为及相关激素的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2012.12.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究饲粮中添加色氨酸对仔猪混群后行为、相关激素水平和 5-羟色胺受体2A（5-HT2A）基因表达的影响。【方法】将144头体重相近（8.00±0.25）kg 的28日龄断奶仔猪随机分为3个处理组，即对照组、处理组Ⅰ和Ⅱ；每组设6个重复，每个重复有8头猪。对照组饲喂色氨酸含量为0.21%的基础饲粮，处理组I和Ⅱ分别在基础饲粮的基础上添加0.1%和0.2%的色氨酸，饲喂28 d后混群，观察猪的争斗行为和日常行为，测定唾液皮质醇浓度、下丘脑5-羟色胺含量和5-HT2A基因表达量。【结果】混群后，与对照组相比，添加色氨酸的处理组仔猪争斗时间和争斗次数显著降低（P＜0.05），趴卧行为显著提高（P＜0.05），站立行为显著降低（P＜0.05），采食、犬坐行为无显著差异（P＞0.05）；随饲粮色氨酸水平的提高，仔猪唾液皮质醇含量显著降低（P＜0.05），下丘脑中5-羟色胺浓度显著升高（P＜0.05），下丘脑中5-HT2A mRNA相对表达量依次降低，其中添加0.2%的色氨酸组与对照组相比差异显著（P＜0.05）。【结论】在满足仔猪色氨酸营养需要（0.21%）的基础上，额外添加0.1%和0.2%的色氨酸能提高仔猪下丘脑5-羟色胺的含量，调控5-HT2A基因mRNA的表达水平，降低仔猪混群后唾液皮质醇的含量，进而缓解仔猪混群后的应激行为。

关键词: 色氨酸, 仔猪, 行为, 皮质醇, 5-羟色胺

Abstract: 【Objective】The objectives of this experiment were to evaluate the effects of dietary tryptophan on behavior, concentrations of relative hormones and expression of 5-HT2A mRNA in piglets after mixing. 【Method】A total of 144 weaning piglets at 28 d of age with initial average weight at (8.00±0.25) kg were assigned to three groups randomly. Each group included 6 replicates with 15 piglets each. The control group was fed with the basal diet including 0.21% tryptophan, the trentment groups (treatment groupsⅠ and Ⅱ) with basal diets plus 0.1% and 0.2% tryptophan, respectively. Piglets were mixed after diet introduction for 28 d. The aggressive and daily behavior were recorded after mixing and the levels of salivary cortisol , hypothalamic 5-HT and 5-HT2A mRNA were determined. 【Result】After mixing, piglets fed with supplemental tryptophan had less time and number of fights and spent more time lying and less time standing (P＜0.05) than pigs fed with the control diet. There were no significant differences in food gathering and sitting behavior among groups (P＞0.05). As the levels of dietary tryptophan increased, the concentrations of salivary cortisol decreased significantly (P＜0.05), whereas the concentrations of hypothalamic 5-HT increased significantly (P＜0.05). The expression of hypothalamic 5-HT2A in piglets decreased gradually as the levels of dietary tryptophan increased, however, the difference was only significant between the control group and the treatment group Ⅱ (P＜0.05).【Conclusion】Surplus 0.1% and 0.2% tryptophan that exceeded the standard requirement for piglets can increase the concentrations of hypothalamic 5-HT concentrations, modify the expression of hypothalamic 5-HT2A mRNA, decrease the concentrations of salivary cortisol, and also alleviatesusceptibility to stress in piglets after mixing.

Key words: tryptophan, piglet, behavior, cortisol, 5-HT

刘化伟, 石宝明, 娄蕾, 王红. 饲粮中添加色氨酸对仔猪混群后行为及相关激素的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2012, 45(12): 2455-2461.

LIU Hua-Wei, SHI Bao-Ming, LOU Lei, WANG Hong. Effects of Supplement of Tryptophan on Behavior and Related Hormones in Piglets After Mixing[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2012, 45(12): 2455-2461.

0
/ / 推荐

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Reference Manager|ProCite|BibTeX|RefWorks

链接本文: https://www.chinaagrisci.com/CN/10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2012.12.014

https://www.chinaagrisci.com/CN/Y2012/V45/I12/2455

参考文献

[1]Ekkel E D, Savenije B, Schouten W G P, Wiegant V M. The effects of mixing on behavior and circadian parameters of salivary cortisol in pigs. Physiology and Behavior, 1997, 62: 181-184.

[2]Pluske J R, Hampson D J, Williams I H. Factors influencing the structure and function of the small intestine in the weaned pig: A review. Livestock Production Science, 1997, 51: 215-236.

[3]Ruis M A W, te Brake J H A, van de Burgwal J A, de Jong I C, Blokhuis H J, Koolhaas J M. Personalities in female domesticated pigs: Behavioral and physiological indications. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 2000, 66(1/2): 31-47.

[4]Sève B, Meunier-Salaun M C, Monnier M, Colléux Y, Henry Y. Impact of dietary tryptophan and behavioral type on growth performance and plasma amino acids of young pigs. Journal of Animal Science, 1991, 69: 3679-3688.

[5]Laycock S R, Ball R O. Alleviation of hysteria in laying hens with dietary tryptophan. Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research, 1990, 54(2): 291-295.

[6]van Hierden Y M, Koolhaas J M, Korte S M. Chronic increase of dietary L-tryptophan decreases gentle feather pecking behavior. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 2004, 89: 71-84.

[7]Henry Y, Seve B, Mounier A. Growth performance and brain neurotransmitters in pigs as affected by tryptophan, protein, and sex. Animal Science, 1996, 74(11): 2700-2710.

[8]Li Y Z, Kerr B J, Kidd M T, Gonyou H W. Use of supplementary tryptophan to modify the behavior of pigs. Animal Science, 2006, 84: 212-220.

[9]Koopmans S J, Ruis M. Surplus dietary tryptophan reduces plasma cortisol and noradrenaline concentrations and enhances recovery after social stress in pigs. Physiology and Behavior, 2005, 85(4): 469-478.

[10]Koopmans S J, Guzik A C, Dekker R, van Diepen H, Korte M, Mroz z. Effects of supplemental L-tryptophan on serotonin, cortisol, intestinal integrity, and behavior in weanling piglets. Animal Science, 2006, 84(4): 963-971.

[11]Koopmans S J, Ruis M, Ruud Dekker, Mechiel Korte. Surplus dietary tryptophan inhibits stress hormone kinetics and induces insulin resistance in pigs. Physiology and Behavior, 2009, 98(4): 402-410.

[12]中华人民共和国农业部. NY /T 65－2004猪饲养标准. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2004．

Ministry of Agriculture of the People’s Agriculture Republic of China. NY/T65－2004 Feeding Standard of Swine. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2004. (in Chinese)

[13]National Research Council. Nutrients Requirements of Swine. Washington, D C: Academic Press, 1998.

[14]Meunier-Salaün M C, Monnier M, Colléux Y, Sève B, Henry Y. Impact of dietary tryptophan and behavioral typeon behavior, plasma cortisol, and brain metabolites of young pigs. Animal Science, 1991, 69(9): 3689-3698.

[15]Wiepkema P R, Koolhaas J M. Stress and animal welfare. Animal Welfare, 1993, 2(3): 195-218.

[16]Rushen J. Problems associated with the intepretation of physiological data in the assessment of animal welfare. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 1991, 28(4): 381-386.

[17]Guzik A C, Matthews J O, Kerr B J, Bidner T D. Dietary tryptophan effects on plasma and salivary cortisol and meat quality in pigs. Animal Science, 2006, 84(8): 2251-2259.

[18]Amer A, Breu J, McDermott J, Richard J W, Timothy J. 5-Hydroxy-L-tryptophan suppresses food intake in food-deprived and stressed rats. Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behavior, 2004, 77: 137-143.

[19]尹靖东. 色氨酸对猪摄食和生长的调控作用及其机理. 中国畜牧杂志, 2007, 3(1): 37-40.

Yin J D. Regulation of dietary tryptophan on the appetite and growth associated with the secretion of gastrointestinal ghrelin in pigs. Chinese Journal of Animal Science, 2007, 3(1): 37-40. (in Chinese)

[20]Dougherty D M, Moeller F G, Bjork J M, Marsh D M. Plasmal tryptophan depletion and aggression. Advances in Experimental Medicine Biology, 1999, 467: 57-65.

[21]Adeola O, Ball R O. Hypothalamic neurotransmitter concentrations and meat quality in stressed pigs offered excess dietary tryptophan and tyrosine. Animal Science, 1992, 70: 1888-1897.

[22]Lucki L. The spect rum of behaviors influenced by serotonin. Biological Psychiatry, 1998, 44(3): 151-162.

[23]喻妍, 赵靖平, 吴仁容. 5-羟色胺2A受体基因-1438A/G多态性与抑郁症的关联研究. 国际精神病学杂志, 2009, 36(2): 65-67.

Yu Y, Zhao J P, Wu R R. Association study between major depression and the-1438A/G polymorphism of serotonin receptor 2A gene. Journal of International Psychiatry, 2009, 36(2): 65-67. (in Chinese)

[24]郑璇, 马文领, 郭俊生, 陈新民. 大鼠脑干前庭核5-HT2A受体mRNA表达水平在晕船适应中的变化. 中国职业医学, 2007, 34(3): 192-194.

Zheng X, Ma W L, Guo J S, Chen X M. Changes of serotonin 2A receptor mRNA expression level in rat vestibular nuclei during the adaptation of sea-sickness. China Occupational Medicine, 2007, 34 (3): 192-194. (in Chinese)

[25]Nakamura T, Kitazawa T, Cao J, Iwamoto T, Teraoka H, Kadota K, Taneike T. Sus scrofa 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 2A (HTR2A), mRNA. 2010-12 -28. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ nuccore/NM_214217.1.

[26]吴兴曲, 杨来启, 王晓峰. 约束应激对大鼠5-HT1A和5-HT2A受体表达的影响. 中国临床心理学杂志, 2003, 3(11): 225-227.

Wu X Q, Yang L Q, Wang X F. Effect of movement restrict on the expression of 5-HT receptor subtypes in rat brain. Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology, 2003, 3(11): 225-227. (in Chinese)