刀孢蜡蚧菌的鉴定及其对南方根结线虫不同生活阶段的定殖

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2012.12.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】明确卵寄生真菌（Lecanicillium psalliotae）刀孢蜡蚧菌对根结线虫的防治潜力。【方法】采用分离自山东青岛城阳丝瓜根结线虫的卵寄生真菌CGMCC5329，通过形态学特征观测及分子生物学分析，鉴定该菌株为刀孢蜡蚧菌。显微观察刀孢蜡蚧菌对南方根结线虫（Meloidogyne incognita）不同生活阶段的定殖。【结果】刀孢蜡蚧菌能够寄生南方根结线虫生活史中的卵、2龄幼虫和雌虫，同时对卵块内卵孵化具有明显的抑制作用。该菌菌丝在卵表面形成侵染钉，卵壳皱缩凹陷，卵胚胎发育停止和内容物凝集，卵内长满菌丝，有时可见到菌丝上形成瓶梗细胞和分生孢子。第6天卵寄生率为85.76%；15 d卵块相对孵化抑制率为91.41%。被真菌寄生的2龄幼虫体表形成致密菌网，穿透体壁，体内长满菌丝，5 d后寄生率为79.23%。寄生的雌虫体壁形成致密菌网和侵染钉，体壁皱缩变形，有时内容物外渗。【结论】刀孢蜡蚧菌CGMCC5329不仅能寄生根结线虫生活史中定居态的雌虫和卵，还能寄生侵染态2龄幼虫。该菌是具有生物防治应用潜力的根结线虫寄生真菌。

关键词: 刀孢蜡蚧菌, 南方根结线虫, ITS序列, 系统发育, 致病性

Abstract: 【Objective】 The objective of this study is to investigate the control potential of egg-parasitic fungi Lecanicillium psalliotae against root-knot nematodes as an useful biological control agent.【Method】The fungus strain CGMCC5329 was isolated from eggs of Meloidogyne incognita infecting sponge gourd in Chengyang, Qingdao, Shandong Province. Based on morphological characters and molecular analysis of ITS-rDNA, the strain was identified as L. psalliotae. Colonization of L. psalliotae in different life stages of M. incognita was observed by microscope. 【Result】The fungus colonized in different life stages of M．incognita including eggs, juveniles and females, and demonstrated the great suppression in hatch of egg masses. The infection pegs and fungal networks on egg were observed on surface of infected eggs which showed a wrinkled and shrunken appearance. The embryonic development was arrested by the fungal invasion and high vacuolation was also observed. In some cases the conidiating hyphae were also seen outside the egg surface. The egg parasiting rate by fungi was 85.76% on 6th day. The inhibition in hatch of egg masses was 91.41% on 15th day．The 2nd stage juveniles were penetrated with networks of hyphae and the body were full of fungal hyphae. The juvenile parasitic rate by fungi was 79.23% on 5th day. The extensive network and infection pegs were formed on females parasited with fungi which resulted in body deformation, sometimes the contents extravasated.【Conclusion】 L．psalliotae CGMCC5329 not only colonizes the sedentary females and eggs, but also infects 2nd stage juveniles. It could be used as an useful biological control agent against root knot nematodes.

Key words: Lecanicillium psalliotae, Meloidogyne incognita, ITS sequence, phylogeny, pathogenicity

曹君正, 武侠, 林森. 刀孢蜡蚧菌的鉴定及其对南方根结线虫不同生活阶段的定殖[J]. 中国农业科学, 2012, 45(12): 2404-2411.

CAO Jun-Zheng, WU Xia, LIN Sen. Identification of Fungus Lecanicillium psalliotae and Its Colonization in Different Life Stages of Meloidogyne incognita[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2012, 45(12): 2404-2411.

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