基于过程的小麦株型指标动态模拟

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2012.12.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】揭示小麦株型指标变化规律及播种密度对株型指标的影响。【方法】基于不同播种密度和不同株型品种的小麦田间试验，通过连续观测主要生育时期小麦主茎叶型和茎型指标，分析并模拟分层叶面积、叶向值、株高构成指数等株型指标的动态变化规律及播种密度对其的影响。【结果】不同株型品种分层叶面积指数（LAI）均表现为中部>上部>下部的分布特征，并随生育期的推进逐渐向中上部集中，且冠层中上部总是高密度群体LAI较大。所有品种高低密度间株高构成指数（穗下节与倒二节间长度之和与株高的比值，IL）均表现出显著差异，不同株型品种株高构成指数（n节间长与n节间加n-1节间长度之和的比值，In）表现为从下至上先减小后增大的趋势，且上部节间受密度影响较大。较为紧凑的矮抗58叶向值在不同密度下表现平稳，随生育进程略微表现为增大—减小—趋缓的趋势；较为披散的扬麦12号中高密度下随生育进程均表现为平缓—减小—平缓的趋势；扬麦16号则表现为平缓—减小—略微增大的趋势。在分析株型指标变化趋势和课题组已有形态模型的基础上，通过冠层切割和叶面积积分的方法模拟了叶面积指数的分层动态变化，利用组合的形态参数模拟了株高构成指数和叶向值的动态变化，并通过对形态指标的归类分析，构建了综合性株型构成指数，综合体现了叶型和茎型的动态变化。利用独立试验资料对分层叶面积指数、株高构成指数和叶向值的动态变化模型进行了检验，其平均RRMSE分别为17.44%、7.64%和10.66%。【结论】经检验，该模型对上述小麦株型指标具有较好的预测性。

关键词: 小麦, 株型, 模拟, 分层叶面积, 叶向值, 株高构成指数, 综合性株型构成指数

Abstract: 【Objective】This study was designed to explore the dynamic changing characteristics of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plant type index and the effects of planting density on plant type index.【Method】Based on the field experiments with three cultivars (Aikang 58 with erect leaf, Yangmai 12 and Yangmai 16 with flat leaf) and three planting densities in wheat, the time-course measurements were carried out on the indices of leaf type and stem type at main growing stages of wheat, and then the dynamic changing patterns of plant type indices and the effects of planting density on the dynamics of plant type indices in wheat were analyzed and simulated.【Result】The results indicated that the layer LAI of different plant-type cultivars had a trend of “middle layer> upper layer> lower layer”, and the layer LAI was gradually concentrated in the middle or upper layer with the growing progress. In addition, the larger LAI of the middle or upper layer was observed on high population density. The significant differences of plant height component index (the ratio of the length of rachis and penultimate internodes to plant height, IL) between high and low population densities were observed. The plant height component index (the ratio of the length of n internode to the length of n internode adding (n-1) internode, In) of different plant-type cultivars were all decreased first and increased later from lower to higher leaf positions. In addition, the remarkable effect of planting density was observed on In of upper internode. As for Aikang 58, a relatively constant LOV with a slight “up-down-easing down” trend was observed. As for Yangmai 12, the change pattern of LOV was in “gentle-decrease-gentle” trend. As for Yangmai 16, a trend of “gentle-decrease-increased slightly” was showed. Based on the analysis of plant type index dynamics and the existing morphological model, the dynamics of layer LAI was simulated by using the methods of canopy cutting and leaf area integration, and the dynamics of the plant height component index and LOV were simulated by using combined morphological parameters. In addition, the comprehensive plant type component index was constructed by integrating different morphological indices, and reflected the dynamic changes of the leaf type and stem type synthetically. Testing of the dynamic models of layer LAI, plant height component index and LOV with independent dataset showed that the average RRMSE values of layer LAI and LOV were 17.44%, 7.64%, and 10.66%, respectively.【Conclusion】The results indicated a good performance and reliability of models for predicting plant type index in wheat. The model can not only provide technical supports for the simulation of canopy structure in wheat, but also lay a foundation for the simulation of light distribution and photosynthesis within wheat canopy.

Key words: wheat, plant type, simulation, layer LAI, plant height component index, leaf orientation value, comprehensive plant type component index

张文宇, 汤亮, 姚鑫锋, 杨月, 曹卫星, 朱艳. 基于过程的小麦株型指标动态模拟[J]. 中国农业科学, 2012, 45(12): 2364-2374.

ZHANG Wen-Yu, TANG Liang, YAO Xin-Feng, YANG Yue, CAO Wei-Xing, ZHU Yan. Process-Based Simulation Model for Growth Dynamics of Plant Type Index in Wheat[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2012, 45(12): 2364-2374.

0
/ / 推荐

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Reference Manager|ProCite|BibTeX|RefWorks

链接本文: https://www.chinaagrisci.com/CN/10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2012.12.004

https://www.chinaagrisci.com/CN/Y2012/V45/I12/2364

参考文献

[1]Niels A, Tadaki H. Limitations on photosynthesis of competing individuals in stands and the consequences for canopy structure. Oecologia, 2001, 129(2): 186-196.

[2]任书杰, 李世清, 王全九, 李生秀. 栽培模式、施氮和品种对冬小麦冠层结构和产量的影响. 生态学杂志, 2006, 25(12): 1449-1454.

Ren S J, Lin S Q, Wang Q J, Lin S X. Effects of cultivation mode, nitrogen fertilization,and cultivar on winter wheat canopy parameters and grain yields in sub-humid area. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2006, 25(12): 1449-1454. (in Chinese)

[3]Donald C M. The breeding of crop ideotypes. Euphytica, 1968, 17(3): 385-403.

[4]刘兆晔, 于经川, 姜鸿明, 辛庆国, 刘克宁, 赵明. 小麦理想株型的探讨. 中国农学通报, 2010, 26(8): 137-141.

Liu Z Y, Yu J C, Jiang H M, Xing Q G, Li K M, Zhao M. A discussion on ideal plant type of wheat. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2010, 26(8): 137-141. (in Chinese)

[5]闵东红, 王辉, 孟超敏, 翟耀锋, 李学军, 曹宁, 于新智. 不同株高小麦品种抗倒伏性与其亚性状及产量相关性研究. 麦类作物学报, 2001, 21(4): 76-79.

Ming D H, Wang H, Meng C M, Zhai Y F, Li X J, Cao N, Yu X Z. Studies on the lodging resistance with its subtraits of different height wheat varieties and correlation between plant height and yield. Acta Tritical Crops, 2001, 21(4): 76-79. (in Chinese)

[6]欧阳由男, 李春生, 章善庆, 王会民, 朱练峰, 禹盛苗, 金千瑜, 张国平. 光周期和有效积温对水稻分蘖角度动态变化的影响. 应用生态学报, 2009, 20(5): 1099-1104.

Ouyang Y N, Li C S, Zhang S Q, Wang H M, Zhu L F, Yu S M, Jin Q Y, Zhang G P. Dynamic changes of rice (Oryza Sativa L.) tiller angle under effects of photoperiod and effective accumulated temperature. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2009, 20(5): 1099-1104. (in Chinese)

[7]魏燮中, 吴兆苏. 小麦植株高度的结构分析. 南京农业大学学报, 1983 (1): 14-21.

Wei X Z, Wu Z S. Architectural analysis of plant height of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University, 1983 (1): 14-21. (in Chinese)

[8]Tripathi S C, Sayre K D, Kaul J N, Narang R. S. Growth and morphology of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) culms and their association with lodging: effects of genotypes, N levels and ethephon. Field Crops Research, 2003, 84(3): 271-290.

[9]Elhani S, Martos V, Rharrabti Y, Royo C, García del Moral L F. Contribution of main stem and tillers to durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum) grain yield and its components grown in Mediterranean environments. Field Crops Research, 2007, 103(1): 25-35.

[10]Weiss A, Baenziger P S, McMaster G S, Wilhelm W W, Al Ajlouni Z I. Quantifying phenotypic plasticity using genetic information for simulating plant height in winter wheat. NJAS - Wageningen Journal of Life Sciences, 2009, 57(1): 59-64.

[11]姚金保, 张平平, 任丽娟, 杨学明, 马鸿翔, 姚国才, 张鹏, 周淼平. 小麦抗倒指数遗传及其与茎秆特性的相关分析. 作物学报, 2011, 37(3): 452-458.

Yao J B, Zhang P P, Ren L J, Yang X M, Ma H X, Yao G C, Zhang P, Zou M P. Inheritance of lodging resistance index and its correlations with culm traits in wheat. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2011, 37(3): 452-458. (in Chinese)

[12]严威凯. 关于小麦株形问题的观察与思考. 作物杂志, 1991 (1): 14-16.

Yan W K. Observation and reflection on the issue of plant type in wheat. Crops, 1991 (1): 14-16. (in Chinese)

[13]李国强, 汤亮, 张文宇, 曹卫星, 朱艳. 施氮量对不同株型小麦品种叶型垂直分布特征的影响. 作物学报, 2011, 37(1): 127-137.

Li G Q, Tang L, Zhang W Y, Cao W X, Zhu Y. Effect of nitrogen rate on vertical distribution characteristics of leaf-type in wheat with different plant types. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2011, 37(1): 127-137. (in Chinese)

[14]Tadaki H. Development of the Monsi-Saeki Theory on canopy structure and function. Annals of Botany, 2005, 95(3): 483-494.

[15]吕川根, 邹江石, 胡凝, 姚克敏. 水稻叶片形态对冠层特性和光合有效辐射传输的影响. 江苏农业学报, 2007, 23(6): 501-508.

Lu C G, Zou J S, Hu N, Yao K M. Effects of leaf morphological factors on canopy structure and transmission of photosynthetically active radiation in rice. Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2007, 23(6): 501-508. (in Chinese)

[16]林忠辉, 周允华, 王辉民, 张谊光. 青藏高原冬小麦冠层几何结构、光截获及其对光合潜能的影响. 生态学报, 1998, 18(4): 392-398.

Ling Z H, Zhou Y H, Wang H M, Zhang Y G. Canopy geometrical structure, interception of photosynthetically active radiation and their effects on potential productivity of winter wheat in Tibet plateau. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 1998, 18(4): 392-398. (in Chinese)

[17]Subedi K D, Ma B L. Ear position, leaf area, and contribution of individual leaves to grain yield in conventional and leafy maize hybrids. Crop Science, 2005, 45(6): 2246.

[18]Blake N K, Lanning S P, Martin J M, Sherman J D, Talbert L E. Relationship of flag leaf characteristics to economically important traits in two spring wheat crosses. Crop Science, 2007, 47(2): 491.

[19]陈国庆. 小麦形态建成模拟及可视化研究[D]. 南京: 南京农业大学, 2004.

Chen G Q. Studies on simulation and visualization of morphogenesis in wheat[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing Agricultural University, 2004. (in Chinese)

[20]谭子辉. 小麦植株形态建成的模拟模型研究[D]. 南京: 南京农业大学, 2006.

Tan Z H. Studies on simulation model of morphologial development in wheat plant[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing Agricultural University, 2006. (in Chinese)

[21]Daniel W, David M, Wigington J J. Working with Dynamic Crop Models. Amsterdam; Boston: Elsevier, 2006.

[22]陈国庆, 朱艳, 曹卫星. 冬小麦叶片生长特征的动态模拟. 作物学报, 2005, 31(11): 1524-1527.

Chen G Q, Zhu Y, Cao W X. Modeling leaf growth dynamics in winter wheat. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2005, 31(11): 1524-1527. (in Chinese)

[23]陈国庆, 朱艳, 曹卫星. 小麦叶鞘和节间生长过程的模拟研究. 麦类作物学报, 2005, 25(1): 71-74.

Chen G Q, Zhu Y, Cao W X. Modeling leaf sheath and internode growth dynamics in wheat. Acta Tritical Crops, 2005, 25(1): 71-74. (in Chinese)

[24]胡延吉, 兰进好, 赵坦方, 高法振. 不同穗型的两个冬小麦品种冠层结构及光合特性的研究. 作物学报, 2000, 26(6): 905-912.

Hu Y J, Lan J H, Zhao T F, Gao F Z. Canopy architecture and photosynthetic characteristics in two winter wheat culti vars with different spike type. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2000, 26(6): 905-912. (in Chinese)

[25]谭昌伟, 王纪华, 黄义德, 黄文江, 刘良云. 运用光谱技术改进Beer-Lambert定律的定量化及其应用研究. 中国农业科学, 2005, 38(3): 498-503.

Tan C W, Wang J H, Huang Y D, Huang W J. Quantitative improvement of Beer-Lambert Law with spectral remote sensing technology and its application. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2005, 38(3): 498-503. (in Chinese)

[26]张文宇. 小麦株型及冠层光分布模拟研究[D]. 南京: 南京农业大学, 2011.

Zhang W Y. Simulation study on plant type and light distribution in wheat[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing Agricultural University, 2011. (in Chinese)

[27]于强, 王天铎, 刘建栋, 孙菽芬. 玉米株型与冠层光合作用的数学模拟研究——Ⅰ.模型与验证. 作物学报, 1998, 24(1): 7-15.

Yu Q, Wang T D, Liu J D, Sun S F. A mathematical study on crop architecture and canopy photosynthesis I. model. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 1998, 24(1): 7-15. (in Chinese)

[28]高亮之, 金之庆, 张更生, 石春林, 葛道阔. 水稻最佳株型群体受光量与光合量的数值模拟. 江苏农业学报, 2000, 16(1): 1-9.

Gao L Z, Jin Z Q, Zhang G S, Shi C L, Ge D K. A numerical model to simulate the incident radiation and photosynthate for rice canopies with optimum plant type. Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2000, 16(1): 1-9. (in Chinese)

[29]李艳大, 汤亮, 张玉屏, 朱相成, 曹卫星, 朱艳. 水稻冠层光截获与叶面积和产量的关系. 中国农业科学, 2010, 43(16): 3296-3305.

Li Y D, Tang L, Zhang Y P, Zhu X C, Cao W X, Zhu Y. Relationship of PAR interception of canopy to leaf area and yield in rice. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2010, 43(16): 3296-3305. (in Chinese)

[30]赵春江, 吴华瑞, 王纪华, 黄文江. 田间小麦叶面积空间分布数学模型的建立与应用. 中国农业科学, 2004, 37(2): 196-200.

Zhao C J, Wu H R, Wang J H, Huang W J. Establishment and application of mathematical model of spatial distribution of wheat leaf area. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2004, 37(2): 196-200. (in Chinese)