中国农业科学 ›› 2012, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (8): 1513-1520.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2012.08.007

• 土壤肥料·节水灌溉·农业生态环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

秸秆还田对宁南半干旱地区土壤团聚体特征的影响

 张鹏, 贾志宽, 王维, 路文涛, 高飞, 聂俊峰   

  1. 1.西北农林科技大学中国旱区节水农业研究院,陕西杨凌 712100
    2.农业部旱地作物生产与生态重点开放实验室,陕西杨凌 712100
  • 收稿日期:2011-07-04 出版日期:2012-04-15 发布日期:2011-08-29
  • 通讯作者: 通信作者贾志宽,E-mail:zhikuan@tom.com
  • 作者简介:张 鹏,Tel:18991298640;E-mail:pengzhang121@hotmail.com
  • 基金资助:

    “十一五”国家科技支撑计划(2006BAD29B03)

Effects of Straw Returning on Characteristics of Soil Aggregates in Semi-arid Areas in Southern Ningxia of China

 ZHANG  Peng, JIA  Zhi-Kuan, WANG  Wei, LU  Wen-Tao, GAO  Fei, NIE  Jun-Feng   

  1. 1.西北农林科技大学中国旱区节水农业研究院,陕西杨凌 712100
    2.农业部旱地作物生产与生态重点开放实验室,陕西杨凌 712100
  • Received:2011-07-04 Online:2012-04-15 Published:2011-08-29

摘要: 【目的】探明秸秆还田对土壤团聚体的影响,为宁南半干旱区作物生产及土壤培肥制度的建立提供参考。【方法】本研究通过4年秸秆还田定位试验,设置了不同秸秆粉碎还田量处理:谷子秸秆还田量为3 000 kg•hm-2 (低,L)、6 000 kg•hm-2 (中,M)、9 000 kg•hm-2 (高,H),玉米秸秆还田量为4 500 kg•hm-2 (低,L)、9 000 kg•hm-2 (中,M)、13 500 kg•hm-2 (高,H),对照为秸秆不还田。对不同处理条件下干筛和湿筛下各团聚体指标进行分析。【结果】各秸秆还田处理干筛下0—40 cm土层>0.25 mm团聚体含量(DR0.25)、平均重量直径(mean weight diameter,DMWD)和几何平均直径(geometric mean diameter,DGMD)均显著高于CK处理,各还田处理的分形维数均显著低于CK;湿筛法分析表明,供试土壤中团聚体以机械稳定性团聚体为主,随秸秆还田量的增加,0—40 cm土层水稳性团聚体的平均重量直径(WMWD)、几何平均直径(WGMD)和分形维数的顺序均为:H,M处理>L处理>CK;各处理土壤团聚体破坏率(PAD)和不稳定团粒指数(ELT)在0—40 cm土层内均表现出近似“Z”字形趋势,且CK显著高于各还田处理(P<0.05)。【结论】在宁南半干旱区采用秸秆还田对提高土壤团聚体含量具有明显作用。

关键词: 秸秆还田, 土壤团聚体, 宁南半干旱区

Abstract: 【Objective】 A field experiment was conducted to determine the effects of straw returning systems on soil aggregate of millet or corn under different straw returning supplies. in order to provide a theoretical basis for establishment of a fertilization system and crop management for semi-arid areas of southern Ningxia.【Method】The effects of straw returning, taking no straw returning as the control, on soil aggregate indexes by dry and wet sieving under different straw returning treatments (3 000 kg•hm-2 (L), 6 000 kg•hm-2 (M) and 9 000 kg•hm-2 (H) of millet straw and 4 500 kg•hm-2 (L), 9 000 kg•hm-2 (M) and 13 500 kg•hm-2 (H)    of corn straw) were studied for four years (2007-2010).【Result】After the millet harvest (2010), dry sieving results showed that DR0.25, DMWD and DGMD of straw returning treatments higher than CK, the fractal dimension lower than CK in 0-40 cm soil  layer, significantly. Wet sieving results showed that straw returning treatments had different effects on the WGMD, WMWD and fractal dimension of 0-40 cm soil layer, which followed the order from high to low: H,M>L>CK. There is a ‘Z’ tendency of PAD and ELT in 0-40 cm soil layer for each treatment, and CK is significantly higher than straw returning treatments(P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 The content of soil aggregates could be improved efficiently by using straw returning technology in semi-arid areas of Southern Ningxia.

Key words: straw returning, soil aggregate, semi-arid areas of southern Ningxia