|
|
|
|
|
| Alleviation of Chromium Toxicity by Silicon Addition in Rice Plants |
| Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University |
|
|
|
摘要 The alleviatory effect of silicon (Si) on chromium (Cr) toxicity to rice plants was investigated using a hydroponic experimentwith two Cr levels (0 and 100 μmol L-1), three Si levels (0, 1.25, and 2.5 mmol L-1) and two rice genotypes, differing in grainCr accumulation (Dan K5, high accumulation and Xiushui 113, low accumulation). The results showed that 100 μmol L-1 Crtreatment caused a marked reduction of seedling height, dry biomass, soluble protein content, and root antioxidantenzyme activity, whereas significantly increased Cr concentration and TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances)content. However, the reductions of seedling height, dry biomass, and soluble content were greatly alleviated due to Siaddition to the culture solution. Compared with the plants treated with Cr alone, Si addition markedly reduced Cr uptakeand translocation in rice plants. No significant differences were observed between the two Si treatments (1.25 and 2.5 mmolL-1) in shoot Cr concentration and Cr translocation factor. Under the treatment of 100 μmol L-1 Cr+2.5 mmol L-1 Si, higherroot Cr concentration but lower shoot Cr concentration and Cr translocation factor were observed in Dan K5 than thosein Xiushui 113, indicating that the beneficial effect of Si on inhibiting Cr translocation was more pronounced in Dan K5than in Xiushui 113. Si addition also alleviated the reduction of antioxidative enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD) andascorbate peroxidase (APX) in leaves; catalase (CAT) and APX in roots) and the increase of TBARS content in the Crstressedplants. Furthermore, the beneficial effects of Si on activities of antioxidative enzymes under Cr stress weregenotype-dependent. The highest activities of SOD, POD (guaiacol peroxidase), CAT, and APX in leaves occurred in thetreatment of 100 μmol L-1 Cr+2.5 mmol L-1 Si for Xiushui 113 and in the treatment of 100 μmol L-1 Cr+1.25 mmol L-1 Si for DanK5. The beneficial effect of Si on alleviating oxidative stress was much more pronounced in Dan K5 than in Xiushui 113.It may be concluded that Si alleviates Cr toxicity mainly through inhibiting the uptake and translocation of Cr andenhancing the capacity of defense against oxidative stress induced by Cr toxicity.
Abstract The alleviatory effect of silicon (Si) on chromium (Cr) toxicity to rice plants was investigated using a hydroponic experimentwith two Cr levels (0 and 100 μmol L-1), three Si levels (0, 1.25, and 2.5 mmol L-1) and two rice genotypes, differing in grainCr accumulation (Dan K5, high accumulation and Xiushui 113, low accumulation). The results showed that 100 μmol L-1 Crtreatment caused a marked reduction of seedling height, dry biomass, soluble protein content, and root antioxidantenzyme activity, whereas significantly increased Cr concentration and TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances)content. However, the reductions of seedling height, dry biomass, and soluble content were greatly alleviated due to Siaddition to the culture solution. Compared with the plants treated with Cr alone, Si addition markedly reduced Cr uptakeand translocation in rice plants. No significant differences were observed between the two Si treatments (1.25 and 2.5 mmolL-1) in shoot Cr concentration and Cr translocation factor. Under the treatment of 100 μmol L-1 Cr+2.5 mmol L-1 Si, higherroot Cr concentration but lower shoot Cr concentration and Cr translocation factor were observed in Dan K5 than thosein Xiushui 113, indicating that the beneficial effect of Si on inhibiting Cr translocation was more pronounced in Dan K5than in Xiushui 113. Si addition also alleviated the reduction of antioxidative enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD) andascorbate peroxidase (APX) in leaves; catalase (CAT) and APX in roots) and the increase of TBARS content in the Crstressedplants. Furthermore, the beneficial effects of Si on activities of antioxidative enzymes under Cr stress weregenotype-dependent. The highest activities of SOD, POD (guaiacol peroxidase), CAT, and APX in leaves occurred in thetreatment of 100 μmol L-1 Cr+2.5 mmol L-1 Si for Xiushui 113 and in the treatment of 100 μmol L-1 Cr+1.25 mmol L-1 Si for DanK5. The beneficial effect of Si on alleviating oxidative stress was much more pronounced in Dan K5 than in Xiushui 113.It may be concluded that Si alleviates Cr toxicity mainly through inhibiting the uptake and translocation of Cr andenhancing the capacity of defense against oxidative stress induced by Cr toxicity.
|
|
Received: 20 July 2010
Accepted:
|
|
Corresponding Authors:
Correspondence ZHANG Guo-ping, Professor, Tel: +86-571-88982115, Fax: +86-571-88982117,E-mail: zhanggp@zju.edu.cn
E-mail: zengfanrong621@hotmail.com
|
| About author: ZENG Fan-rong, Ph D, E-mail: zengfanrong621@hotmail.com |
Cite this article:
ZENG Fan-rong, ZHAO Fu-sheng, QIU Bo-yin, OUYANG You-nan, WU Fei-bo, ZHANG Guo-ping.
2011.
Alleviation of Chromium Toxicity by Silicon Addition in Rice Plants. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 10(8): 1188-1196.
|
| [1] Aebi H. 1984. Catalase in vitro. Methods in Enzymology, 105,121-126.[2] Bradford M M. 1976. A rapid and sensitive method for thequantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing theprinciple of protein-dye binding. Analytical Biochemistry,72, 248-254.[3] Chatterjee J, Chatterjee C. 2000. Phytotoxicity of cobalt,chromium and copper in cauliflower. EnvironmentalPollution, 109, 69-74.[4] Chaudhari V, Singh A L. 2006. Macronutrient requirement ofgroundnut: effects on growth and yield components. IndianJournal of Plant Physiology, 1, 401-409.[5] Choudhury S, Panda S K. 2005. Toxic effect, oxidative stress andultrastructural changes in moss Taxitheelium nepalense(Schwaegr.) Broth. under lead and chromium toxicity. Water,Air and Soil Pollution, 167, 73-90.[6] Dixit V, Pandey V, Shyam R. 2002. Chromium ions inactivateelectron transport and enhance superoxide generation in vivoin pea (Pisum sativum L. cv. Azad) root mitochondria. Plant,Cell and Environment, 25, 687-690.[7] Epstein E. 1994. The anomaly of silicon in plant biology.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA,91, 11-17.[8] Epstein E. 1999. Silicon. Annual Review of Plant Physiology andPlant Molecular Biology, 50, 641-664.[9] Gong H J, Randall D P, Flowers T J. 2006. Silicon deposition inthe root reduces sodium uptake in rice (Oryza sativa L.)seedlings by reducing bypass flow. Plant, Cell andEnvironment, 29, 1970-1979.[10] Gunes A, Inal A, Bagei E G, Pilbeam D J. 2007. Siliconmediatedchanges of some physiological and enzymatic parameterssymptomatic for oxidative stress in spinach and tomatogrown in sodic-B toxic soil. Plant and Soil, 290, 103-114.[11] Hodson M J, Sangster A G. 1993. The interaction between siliconand aluminum in Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench: growthanalysis and X-ray microanalysis. Annals of Botany, 72, 389-400.[12] Hossain M T, Ryuji M, Soga K, Wakabayashi K, Kamisaka S,Fuji S, Yamamoto R, Hoson T. 2002. Growth promotion andincrease in cell wall extensibility by silicon in rice and somePoaceae seedlings. Journal of Plant Research, 115, 23-27.[13] Inal A, Pilbeam D J, Gunes A. 2009. Silicon increases toleranceto boron toxicity and reduces oxidative damage in barley.Journal of Plant Nutrition, 32, 112-128.[14] Iwasaki K, Maier P, Fecht M, Horst W J. 2002. Leaf apoplasticsilicon enhances manganese tolerance of cowpea (Vignaunguiculata). Journal of Plant Physiology, 159, 167-173.[15] Kaya C, Tuna A L, Sonmez O, Ince F, Higgs D. 2009. Mitigationeffects of silicon on maize plants grown at high zinc. Journalof Plant Nutrition, 32, 1788-1798.[16] Kuo S, Lai M S, Lin C W. 2006. Influence of solution acidity andCaCl2 concentration on the removal of heavy metals frommetal-contaminated rice soils. Environmental Pollution, 144,918-925.[17] Liang Y C, Sun W C, Zhu Y G, Christie P. 2007. Mechanisms ofsilicon-mediated alleviation of abiotic stresses in higher plants:A review. Environmental Pollution, 147, 422-428.[18] Liang Y C, Yang C G, Shi H H. 2001. Effects of silicon on growthand mineral composition of barley grown under toxic levelsof aluminum. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 24, 229-243.[19] Ma J F, Miyake Y, Takahashi E. 2001. Silion as a beneficial element for crop plants. In: Datnoff L, Snyder G, KorndorferG, eds., Silicon in Agriculture. Elsevier Science, New York.pp. 17-39.[20] Ma J F, Tamal K, Yamaji N, Mitani N, Konishi S, Katuhara M,Ishiguro M, Yano M. 2006. A sitransporter in rice. Nature,440, 688-691.[21] Miller R O. 1998. Nitric-perchloric acid wet digestion in an openvessel. In: Kalra Y P, ed., Handbook of Reference Methodsfor Plant Analysis. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis, London.pp. 57-61.[22] Nakano Y, Asada K. 1981. Hydrogen peroxide is scavenged byascorbate-specific peroxidase in spinach chloroplasts. Plantand Cell Physiology, 22, 867-880.[23] Neumann D, zur Nieden U. 2001. Silicon and heavy metal toleranceof higher plants. Phytochemistry, 56, 685-692.[24] Nwugo1 C C, Huerta A J. 2008. Silicon-induced cadmiumresistance in rice (Oryza sativa). Journal of Plant Nutritionand Soil Science, 171, 841-848.[25] Panda S K. 2007. Chromium-mediated oxidative stress andultrastructural changes in root cells of developing riceseedlings. Journal of Plant Physiology, 164, 1419-1428.[26] Putter J. 1974. Peroxidases. In: Bergmeyer H U, ed., Methods ofEnzymatic Analysis: II. Academic Press, New York. pp. 685-690.[27] Richmond K E, Sussman M. 2003. Got silicon? The non-essentialbeneficial plant nutrient. Current Opinion in Plant Biology,6, 268-272.[28] Rogalla H, R鰉held V. 2002. Role of leaf apoplast in siliconmediatedmanganese tolerance of Cucumis sativus L. Plant,Cell and Environment, 25, 549-555.[29] Shanker A K. 2003. Physiological, biochemical and molecularaspects of chromium toxicity and tolerance in selected cropsand tree species. Ph D thesis, Tamil Nadu AgriculturalUniversity, Coimbatore, India.Shanker A K, Cervantes C, Loza-Tavera H, Avudainayagam S.2005. Chromium toxicity in plants. EnvironmentInternational, 31, 739-753.[30] Shanker A K, Pathmanabhan G. 2004. Speciation dependantantioxidative response in roots and leaves of Sorghum(Sorghum bicolor L. Moench cv. CO 27) under Cr (III) andCr (VI) stress. Plant and Soil, 265, 141-151.[31] Shi G R, Cai Q S, Liu C F, Wu L. 2010. Silicon alleviates cadmiumtoxicity in peanut plants in relation to cadmium distributionand stimulation of antioxidative enzymes. Plant GrowthRegulation, 61, 45-62.[32] Shi Q H, Bao Z Y, Zhu Z J, He Y, Qian Q Q, Yu J Q. 2005a.Silicon-mediated alleviation of Mn toxicity in Cucumissativus in relation to activities of superoxide dismutase andascorbate peroxidase. Phytochemistry, 66, 1551-1559.[33] Shi X H, Zhang C C, Wang H, Zhang F S. 2005b. Effect of Si onthe distribution of Cd in rice seedlings. Plant and Soil, 272,53-60.[34] Song A L, Li Z J, Zhang J, Xue G F, Fan F L, Liang Y C. 2009.Silicon-enhanced resistance to cadmium toxicity in Brassicachinensis L. is attributed to Si-suppressed cadmium uptakeand transport and Si-enhanced antioxidant defense capacity.Journal of Hazardous Materials, 172, 74-83.[35] Wang L, Wang W, Chen Q, Cao W, Li M, Zhang F. 2000. Siliconinducedcadmium tolerance of rice seedlings. Journal of PlantNutrition, 23, 1397-1406.[36] Yoshida S, Forna D A, Cock J H, Gomez K A. 1976. LaboratoryManual for Physiological Studies of Rice. Intemational RiceResearch Institutem, Los Banos, Philippines. pp. 62-63.[37] Zayed A M, Terry N. 2003. Chromium in the environment: factorsaffecting biological remediation. Plant and Soil, 249, 139-156.[38] Zeng F R, Mao Y, Cheng W D, Wu F B, Zhang G P. 2008.Genotypic and environmental variation in chromium, cadmiumand lead concentrations in rice. Environmental Pollution, 153,309-314.[39] Zhang C, Wang L, Nie Q, Zhang W, Zhang F. 2008. Long-termeffects of exogenous silicon on cadmium translocation andtoxicity in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Environmental andExperimental Botany, 62, 300-307.[40] Zurayk R, Sukkariyah B, Baalbaki R. 2001. Commonhydrophytes as bioindicators of nickel, chromium andcadmium pollution. Water, Air and Soil Pollution, 127, 373-388. |
| No Suggested Reading articles found! |
|
|
Viewed |
|
|
|
Full text
|
|
|
|
|
Abstract
|
|
|
|
|
Cited |
|
|
|
|
| |
Shared |
|
|
|
|
| |
Discussed |
|
|
|
|
