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Journal of Integrative Agriculture  2019, Vol. 18 Issue (3): 571-579    DOI: 10.1016/S2095-3119(18)62112-4
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Estimates on nitrogen uptake in the subsequent wheat by above-ground and root residue and rhizodeposition of using peanut labeled with 15N isotope on the North China Plain
ZHANG Kai1, ZHAO Jie1, WANG Xi-quan1, XU He-shui1, ZANG Hua-dong2, LIU Jing-na3, HU Yue-gao1, ZENG Zhao-hai
1 College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R.China
2 Department of Agricultural Soil Science, University of Göttingen, Göttingen 37077, Germany
3 Plant & Soil Science Section, Department of Plant and Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg 2100, Denmark
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Abstract  
Leguminous crops play a vital role in enhancing crop yield and improving soil fertility.  Therefore, it can be used as an organic N source for improving soil fertility.  The purpose of this study was to (i) quantify the amounts of N derived from rhizodeposition, root and above-ground biomass of peanut residue in comparison with wheat and (ii) estimate the effect of the residual N on the wheat-growing season in the subsequent year.  The plants of peanut and wheat were stem fed with 15N urea using the cotton-wick method at the Wuqiao Station of China Agricultural University in 2014.  The experiment consisted of four residue-returning strategies in a randomized complete-block design: (i) no return of crop residue (CR0); (ii) return of above-ground biomass of peanut crop (CR1); (iii) return of peanut root biomass (CR2); and (iv) return of all residue of the whole peanut plant (CR3).  The 31.5 and 21% of the labeled 15N isotope were accumulated in the above-ground tissues (leaves and stems) of peanuts and wheat, respectively.  N rhizodeposition of peanuts and wheat accounted for 14.91 and 3.61% of the BG15N, respectively.  The 15N from the below-ground 15N -labeled of peanuts were supplied 11.3, 5.9, 13.5, and 6.1% of in the CR0, CR1, CR2, and CR3 treatments, respectively.  Peanut straw contributes a significant proportion of N to the soil through the decomposition of plant residues and N rhizodeposition.  With the current production level on the NCP, it is estimated that peanut straw can potentially replace 104 500 tons of synthetic N fertilizer per year.  The inclusion of peanut in rotation with cereal can significantly reduce the use of N fertilizer and enhance the system sustainability.

 
Keywords:  cropping system       crop residues        rhizodeposition        15N labeling  
Received: 25 January 2018   Accepted:
Fund: This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31671640), the Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest, China (201503121-11), and the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFD0300205-01).
Corresponding Authors:  Correspon- dence HU Yue-gao, Tel/Fax: +86-10-62733847, E-mail: huyuegao@cau.edu.cn; ZENG Zhao-hai, Tel/Fax: +86-10-62731211, E-mail: zengzhaohai@cau.edu.cn   
About author:  ZHANG Kai, E-mail: zhangkai4221@foxmail.com;

Cite this article: 

ZHANG Kai, ZHAO Jie, WANG Xi-quan, XU He-shui, ZANG Hua-dong, LIU Jing-na, HU Yue-gao, ZENG Zhao-hai. 2019. Estimates on nitrogen uptake in the subsequent wheat by above-ground and root residue and rhizodeposition of using peanut labeled with 15N isotope on the North China Plain. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 18(3): 571-579.

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