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| Sunflower response to potassium fertilization and nutrient requirement estimation |
| LI Shu-tian1, 2*, DUAN Yu3*, GUO Tian-wen4*, ZHANG Ping-liang4*, HE Ping1, 2, Kaushik Majumdar5 |
1 Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, P.R.China
2 International Plant Nutrition Institute Beijing Office, Beijing 100081, P.R.China
3 Institute of Resources Environment and Detection Technology, Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, P.R.China
4 Dryland Agriculture Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730070, P.R.China
5 International Plant Nutrition Institute (IPNI), Gurgaon 122001, India |
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Abstract Field experiments were conducted in oil and edible sunflower to study the effects of potassium (K) fertilization on achene yield and quality, and to estimate the nutrient internal efficiency (IE) and nutrient requirement in sunflower production. All trials in edible sunflower and 75% trials in oil sunflower showed positive yield responses to K fertilization. Compared with control without K fertilization, the application of K increased achene yield by an average of 406 kg ha–1 for oil sunflower and 294 kg ha–1 for edible sunflower. K application also increased 1 000-achene weight and kernel rate of both oil and edible sunflower. K fertilization improved the contents of oil, oleic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid in achenes of oil sunflower, and increased contents of oil, total unsaturated fatty acid and protein in achenes of edible sunflower. The average agronomic efficiency of K fertilizer was 4.0 for oil sunflower and 3.0 kg achene kg–1 K2O for edible sunflower. The average IE of N, P and K under balanced NPK fertilization was 22.9, 82.8, and 9.9 kg kg–1 for oil sunflower, and 27.3, 138.9, and 14.3 kg kg–1 for edible sunflower. These values were equivalent to 45.5, 14.1, and 108.1 kg, and 39.0, 8.0, and 71.7 kg of N, P and K, respectively, in above-ground dry matter required for production per ton of achenes. The average harvest index of N, P and K was 0.47, 0.56 and 0.05 kg kg–1 in oil sunflower, and 0.58, 0.58 and 0.14 kg kg–1 in edible sunflower.
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Received: 13 February 2018
Accepted:
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| Fund: The authors thank the financial support from the International Plant Nutrition Institute of USA (IPNI-2015-CHN-C14) and the earmarked fund for China Agriculture Research System (CARS-14). |
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Corresponding Authors:
Correspondence LI Shu-tian, Tel: +86-10-82108000, E-mail: sli@ipni.net
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| About author: * These authors contributed equally to this study. |
Cite this article:
LI Shu-tian, DUAN Yu, GUO Tian-wen, ZHANG Ping-liang, HE Ping, Kaushik Majumdar.
2018.
Sunflower response to potassium fertilization and nutrient requirement estimation. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 17(12): 2802-2812.
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