基因工程技术在黄曲霉毒素生物降解中的应用

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2017.17.016

Abstract

Abstract: Aflatoxin is highly carcinogenic, mutagenic and carcinogenic. It can reduce animal production performance, feed conversion efficiency and the amount of meat, egg and milk yield. Besides, it can increase animal mortality, causing huge economic losses in animal husbandry. In addition, aflatoxin can threaten human’s health through the meat, eggs, milk, food chain. Therefore, prevention and control of aflatoxin has become a global concern. At present, detoxification of aflatoxin in feed mainly by physical adsorption, such as montmorillonite, activated carbon, yeast cell wall, but the physical adsorption can only adsorb aflatoxin, can not reduce the amount of toxin. Moreover, it can cause the secondary pollution to the environment. The adsorbent is unstable and may absorb vitamins and other nutrients in feed, resulting in a decrease of feed quality. The biological degrading method could fully degrading mycotoxins, has strong specificity, no adverse impact on the nutritional value of the feed and the ability to avoid the release toxins again. This method has attracted the attention of many researchers. Nowadays, more and more studies have reported that fungi, bacteria and their enzymes are able to degrade aflatoxin, but there are few reports on degrading aflatoxins using recombinant enzymes. The application of gene engineering technology in aflatoxin biodegradation can be separated and purified from the compound detoxification enzymes by modern molecular biology methods. Because of the complex process of enzyme separation and purification, unstable enzyme activity and harsh enzymatic conditions, it is difficult to be used in practical production. Therefore, people use genetic engineering means to detoxification gene with high activity for gene cloning, heterologous implementation of degrading enzyme gene in prokaryotic or eukaryotic expression engineering strain, which laid a theoretical foundation for the practical production of enzyme in the degradation of mycotoxins. The recent advances in aflatoxin degrading using gene engineering technique and development direction are reviewed in this paper, to provide theoretical and practical bases for using of enzymes in degrading mycotoxins in feed and food.

Key words: aflatoxin, biodegradation, gene engineering, enzyme

JI Cheng, JIA Ru, ZHAO LiHong. Application of Gene Engineering Technique in Aflatoxin Biodegradation[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2017, 50(17): 3422-3428.

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Application of Gene Engineering Technique in Aflatoxin Biodegradation

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