Scientia Agricultura Sinica ›› 2018, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (7): 1334-1344.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2018.07.011

• SOIL & FERTILIZER·WATER-SAVING IRRIGATION·AGROECOLOGY & ENVIRONMENT • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effects of Nitrogen Application on Yield, Water and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Winter Wheat Under Supplemental Irrigation Based on Measured Soil Moisture Content

JIN XiuKuan1,2, MA MaoTing2, ZHAO TongKe2, AN ZhiZhuang2, JIANG LingLing1,2   

  1. 1College of Agricultural Resources and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071000, Hebei; 2 Institute of Plant Nutrient and Natural Resources, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097
  • Received:2017-07-05 Online:2018-04-01 Published:2018-04-01

Abstract: 【Objective】Supplemental irrigation based on soil moisture content was a newly water-saving approach developed  in wheat irrigation in recent years, so the purpose of this paper was to evaluate its application potential in Huang-Huai-Hai plain.【Method】In this study, a field experiment of supplemental irrigation based on measurement of moisture content was conducted, combining with different level of nitrogen application. The four irrigation treatments were designed in the main plots, and supplemental irrigation was based on measuring soil moisture content of 0-40 cm soil layers at jointing and anthesis stages of winter wheat. The soil moisture reached 50%FC (field capacity) (W1), 60%FC (W2), 70%FC (W3), 80%FC (W4). In the sub-plots, four nitrogen application treatments were applied at 0 (N0), 180 (N180), 240 (N240), 300 (N300) kg N·hm-2. The effects of nitrogen application on yield, water and nitrogen use efficiency in winter wheat under supplemental irrigation based on measured soil moisture content were analyzed.【Result】(1) Under the equal nitrogen application treatments, the wheat yield increased with higher irrigation content. When the supplemental irrigation reached 60%-80%FC range, there were no significant differences in wheat yield among different treatments. For the same irrigation treatments, wheat yield was reduced when the amount of nitrogen applied exceeded 240 kg N·hm-2. The highest yield (8 104.6 kg·hm-2) of winter wheat was achieved under the N level of 240 kg·hm-2 under W2 treatment in this experimental study. (2) Increasing the amount of nitrogen, supplement irrigation could significantly increase the total water consumption of wheat. However, the effect of nitrogen application was not significant difference when the nitrogen application exceeded to 240 kg N·hm-2. Supplement irrigation could significantly increase the total water consumption of wheat. When the irrigation reached 60%FC, 70%FC, it significantly reduced the amount of irrigation content compared to the 80%FC, which was beneficial to save irrigation and to achieve higher yields. (3) Under the same nitrogen application treatments, supplement irrigation could significantly increase the water use efficiency of wheat. When the soil moisture reached 60%FC, the highest of water use efficiency was achieved, which was 14.7 kg·hm-2·mm-1. For the same irrigation treatments, increasing nitrogen application could significantly improve the water use efficiency of winter wheat, but the amount of nitrogen application should not exceed 240 kg N·hm-2, otherwise it would decrease the water use efficiency. (4) Under the same nitrogen application treatments, it should control the soil moisture reached 60%FC, and the highest of nitrogen dry matter production efficiency, nitrogen use efficiency were achieved to 60.1 kg·kg-1, 22.4 kg·kg-1, respectively. For the same irrigation treatments, the amount of nitrogen applied should be controlled at 240 kg N·hm-2, and the highest of nitrogen dry matter production efficiency, nitrogen use efficiency were achieved to 63.9 kg·kg-1, 23.5 kg·kg-1, respectively.【Conclusion】Under the N level of 240 kg·hm-2, when the irrigation content at jointing and anthesis stages of winter wheat reached to 60% of soil field capacity, the grain yield, water use efficiency, nitrogen dry matter production efficiency and nitrogen use efficiency were achieved highest. As a result, this mode of nitrogen and irrigation integration was recommended as the regional suitable level for water and fertilizer application.

Key words: supplemental irrigation based on measurement of moisture content, winter wheat yield, water, nitrogen use efficiency

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