中国农业科学 ›› 2018, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (12): 2410-2417.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2018.12.017

• 畜牧·兽医·资源昆虫 • 上一篇    下一篇

内蒙古绒山羊不同毛被类型产绒量和体重的遗传参数估计

李学武,刘燕,王瑞军,王志英,娜清,李宏伟,王振宇,徐冰冰,苏蕊,张燕军,刘志红,李金泉   

  1. 内蒙古农业大学动物科学学院/动物遗传育种与繁殖自治区重点实验室/农业部肉羊遗传育种重点实验室/内蒙古自治区山羊遗传育种 工程技术研究中心,呼和浩特 010018
  • 收稿日期:2017-11-20 出版日期:2018-06-16 发布日期:2018-06-16
  • 通讯作者: 王瑞军,E-mail:nmgwrj @126.com。李金泉,E-mail:lijinquan_nd@126.com
  • 作者简介:李学武,E-mail:nmgndlxw@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家绒毛用羊现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-39-06)、内蒙古自治区计划项目、内蒙古农业大学科技成果转化专项资金动植物品种选育(培育)项目

Genetic Parameter Estimation of Cashmere Yield and Body Weight at Different Staple Types of Inner Mongolian Cashmere Goats

LI XueWu, LIU Yan, WANG RuiJun, WANG ZhiYing, NA Qing, LI HongWei, WANG ZhenYu, XU BingBing,SU Rui, ZHANG YanJun, LIU ZhiHong, LI JinQuan   

  1. College of Animal Science/Inner Mongolia Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region/Key Laboratory of Mutton Sheep Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture/ Engineering Research Center for Goat Genetics and Breeding of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot 010018
  • Received:2017-11-20 Online:2018-06-16 Published:2018-06-16

摘要: 目的】内蒙古绒山羊是经过长期自然选择和人工选育而成的优秀地方品种。主要产于内蒙古西部地区,分布于二郎山阿尔巴斯阿拉善左旗3个地区。产绒量和抓绒后体重均是绒山羊重要经济性状,并且属于数量性状,数量性状受微效多基因控制,本研究通过数量遗传学方法对内蒙古绒山羊产绒量和抓绒后体重进行遗传参数评估,旨在研究内蒙古绒山羊不同毛被类型对产绒量和体重的遗传参数的影响,为绒山羊育种提供理论依据。【方法】内蒙古白绒山羊种羊场1990—2014年间54 044只绒山产绒量、体重和毛长的重复数据为研究材料。按照不同羊毛长度将绒山羊分为3个类型:短毛型(≤13 cm,SSL)、 中间型(13 cm<羊毛长度≤22 cm,ISL)和长毛型(>22 cm,LSL)。利用Excel对不同毛被类型内产绒量和抓绒后体重进行表型分析,然后将处理好的数据利用SAS9.2的REG程序计算不同毛被类型内毛长对产绒量和体重的回归系数,确定不同毛被类型对产绒量和人体重的影响。最后采用WOMBAT软件的AIREML算法对不同毛被类型内产绒量和抓绒后体重进行方差组分分析和遗传参数估计。【结果】对不同类型产绒量和体重进行基本统计分析,发现长毛型毛长均值比中间型和短毛型分别增加了6.20 cm和13.40 cm。长毛型产绒量较中间型和短毛型高105.03 g和59.85 g。长毛型体重较中间型和短毛型分别高8.78 kg和10.06 kg。长毛型的产绒量(721.15 g)最高,体重最大(41.98 kg)。毛长和产绒量的变异系数随着毛长的增加在减小,但是体重的变异系数随着毛长的增加而增加。产绒量和体重的变异系数均在27%以上,说明产绒量和体重均具有较高的提升潜力。经过回归分析发现不同毛被类型内产绒量和体重对毛长的线性回归均存在极显著差异。短毛型、中间型和长毛型毛长对产绒量的回归系数分别为-4.63、1.92和21.07。短毛型、中间型和长毛型毛长对体重的回归系数分别为0.04、0.32和1.94。即长毛型的毛长对产绒量和体重的回归系数最高,说明长毛型个体对产绒量和体重的影响较大。遗传参数估计结果表明短毛型、中间型和长毛型产绒量的遗传力分别是0.14、0.22和0.33,短毛型和中间型的遗传力为低遗传力,长毛型为中等遗传力。短毛型、中间型和长毛型体重的遗传力分别是0.10,0.11和0.12,属于低遗传力。长毛型产绒量和体重遗传力最高。从遗传相关来看,产绒量与体重(-0.20—0.26)、产绒量与毛长(-0.11—0.37)和体重与毛长(0.21—0.43)的遗传相关随着毛长的增加而增加。【结论】长毛型个体产绒量和体重的表型值最高,并且长毛型个体的体重和产绒量的遗传力最高,长毛型产绒量和体重的遗传相关也最大,因此,选择长毛型个体留种可以加快绒山羊产绒量和体重的遗传进展,实现羊毛对产绒量和体重的间接选择。

关键词: 绒山羊, 不同毛被类型, 抓绒性状, 遗传参数, 间接选择

Abstract: 【Objective】 Inner Mongolian Cashmere Goats (IMCGs) is an excellently breeding which keeps for both cashmere and meat production by long-term natural selection and artificial selection. And IMCGs Distributed in Erlang, Arbas and Alxa. The cashmere yield (CY) and body weight (BW) were important economic traits, which belonged to quantitative traits and were controlled by the microscopic polygene. The genetic parameters of the CY and the BW of IMCGs were evaluated by quantitative genetic methods. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different staple length types on the phenotypic characteristics and genetic parameters of CY and BW for Inner Mongolia cashmere goats, so as to provide a theoretical basis for Cashmere goat breeding. 【Method】 In this study, the repetitive data of CY, BW and staple length (SL) of 54 044 Inner Mongolia White Cashmere goats from 1990 to 2014 were collected in a breeding farm. The staple length of IMCGs were divided into three types: short-staple length (≤13cm, SSL), intermediate-staple length (>13cm and ≤22cm, ISL), and long-staple length (>22cm, LSL). Excel software was used to analyze the phenotypic of CY and BW. Then, the REG program of SAS 9.2 was employed to calculate the regression coefficient of CY and BW at different staple length that determined the effects of different staple length types on CY and BW. At last, the average information restricted maximum likelihood (AIREML) method in a multivariate animal model on wombat software was used to analyze variance components and estimate the genetic parameters. 【Result】According to the basic statistical analysis of different types of CY and BW, it was found that the average of staple length at LSL increased 6.20 cm and 13.40 cm than that at ISL and SSL, respectively. The CY of was 105.03 g and 59.85 g higher than that at ISL and SSL, respectively. And the BW of LSL was 8.78 kg and 10.06 kg higher than that at ISL and SSL, respectively. According to the basic statistical analysis CY and BW at different staple types, it was found that the CY (721.15 g) was highest and BW (41.98 kg) was highest weight in three types. The variation coefficient of SL and CY decreased with increasing of staple length, but the coefficient of variation of BW increased with the increasing of staple length. Coefficient of variation of CY and BW were above 27%, which indicated that CY and BW had higher potential for improvement. The result showed that the heritabilities of CY were 0.14, 0.22 and 0.33 in SSL, ISL and LSL, respectively. And the heritabilities of CY in SSL belong to the low heritability, while the heritability of CY in ISL and LSL was the moderate heritability. The heritabilities of BW were 0.10, 0.11 and 0.12 in SSL, ISL and LSL, respectively, which belonged to the low heritability. The heritabilities for CY and BW of LSL were highest in three types. The genetic correlation between CY and BW (-0.20 ~ 0.26), CY and SL (-0.11 ~ 0.37) and BW and SL (0.21-0.43) were increased with increasing of staple length. 【Conclusion】The individuals of LSL had the highest phenotypic value of CY and BW, and the heritability of CY and BW were highest, and had the highest genetic correlation among the traits. Therefore, selecting of LSL could accelerate genetic progress for CY and WT and improve the CY and BW, so this study laid the theoretical foundation for the indirect selection in other important economic traits.

Key words: Cashmere goats, different staple types, fleece traits, genetic parameters, indirect selecting