关键词: 生态文明, 农业面源污染, 趋势, 政策评估

Abstract: 【Objective】The paper makes a scientific judgement on the trend and impact of agricultural non-point source pollution (NPSP), which is important for policy strategy in the future. To better solve the current problems and correct policy deviations in a timely manner, evaluation on policy implementation is necessary. 【Method】A comprehensive review of the relevant policies of China in the field of agricultural non-point source pollution control since 1970s has been made. The current policies of agricultural non-point source pollution were evaluated with methods of documentary analysis, field survey, and literature review. 【Result】As the statistic and monitoring system being more complete, the data of emission quantity for agricultural non-point source pollution will get larger, and its impact on water quality will also be more directly. At present, agricultural non-point source pollution is concerned by the society and the government attaches great importance to it. At the same time, the demand for agricultural transformation is urgent. The top-level design of the policy is basically formed, but it is important to guard against formalism in the implementation of the policy. The realization of the goal of zero growth of chemical fertilizer is more certainly, while the zero growth target of pesticides faces more uncertainty, and all of them need to guard against falling into the ‘digital game’ trap. The pollution control of livestock and poultry is restricted and lack of motivation, which seriously hinders the comprehensive utilization of livestock and poultry manure. The ‘forbidden-burning’ policy on straw regardless of cost, spend a lot of manpower and material resources, which need to be reconsidered.【Conclusion】In the long run, the prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution need to make long-term preparation, improve the monitoring system, find out the actual situation, and avoid ‘numeric game’. The implementation of policies must be stressed. Supply side structural reform is necessary for agricultural inputs in order to reduce the quantity of chemical use. At the end of agricultural producing, reuse is the major outlet of the by-product such as straw, manure, et al. The public financial investment for agricultural non-point source pollution control should be increased, and matched with its emission ratio.

Key words: ecological civilization, agricultural non-point source pollution, trend, policy evaluation