LED绿光补光模式对生菜生长及品质的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2017.21.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】探究不同光照强度以及补光模式的绿光对植物工厂中水培生菜生长及营养品质的影响，为绿光的供光策略提供参考。【方法】以8：00—20：00照射的强度为160 μmol·m^-2·s^-1的LED白光（W）为基础光，在保证生菜正常生长的前提下，补充3种不同强度（30、60、90 μmol·m^-2·s^-1）的绿光（G），并通过调节绿光的供光时间点使之与基础白光形成重叠（O）和不重叠（N）两种供光模式，分别为W、WG₃₀O、WG₆₀O、WG₉₀O、WG₃₀N、WG₉₀。N共6个处理，各处理间绿光补光时长均为6 h。【结果】除处理WG₉₀N外，其他补充绿光的处理较对照W均显著提高了生菜地上部鲜重，且30 μmol·m^-2·s^-1的低强度绿光更有利于生菜的生长及生物量积累；补充绿光的处理均不同程度的提高了生菜可溶性糖、粗蛋白以及Vc含量，同时降低了硝酸盐含量，其中，生菜可溶性糖、粗蛋白以及Vc含量随着绿光补光强度的升高而增加；绿光在作用于生菜生物量积累过程中依赖于背景白光，而在作用于可溶性糖积累和Vc合成过程中与背景白光的关系不显著。【结论】绿光对生菜的作用效果与绿光补光强度及其相对于基础光的供光模式有关，且对于不同的目的指标，绿光补光效果有所差异，在实际生产中可根据生产目的建立不同的绿光补光策略。

关键词: 植物工厂, LED, 绿光, 白光, 生菜

Abstract: 【Objective】 To explore the better mode of green LED light supply in plant factories, the effects of different modes of green light on the growth and nutrient quality of lettuce were analyzed.【Method】Lettuce was grown in the fully artificial light plant factory, where adjustable white and green LED panels were used as the sole light source for lettuce growth. White light (W) provided at 8:00-20:00 (160 μmol·m^-2·s^-1) was regarded as the basal light for normal growth of lettuce, and green light (G) at different intensity (30, 60, and 90 μmol·m^-2·s^-1) was supplied as the supplemental light. Meanwhile, overlapping mode (O) and non-overlapping mode (N) of the basal white light and the green light were set by regulating the green light time. Treatments were recorded as W, WG₃₀O, WG₆₀O, WG₉₀O, WG₃₀N and WG₉₀N, and the green light period for all treatments was 6 h. 【Result】 All treatments were observed to enhance the shoot fresh weight of lettuce compared with the control except treatment of WG₉₀N, 30 μmol·m^-2·s^-1low intensity of supplemental light was more beneficial for the growth and biomass accumulation of lettuce. Supplemental green light promoted the accumulation of soluble sugar, crude protein and vitamin C at different levels, and decreased the nitrate content at the same time. Among which, the soluble sugar, crude protein and Vc contents increased with the increase of green light intensity. Green light depended on the exist of basal white light on the biomass accumulation of lettuce, but the green light didn’t show the dependent on the basal white light on the process of the soluble sugar and vitamin C. 【Conclusion】 The effects of green light supply are relevant to the light intensity as well as the supply modes. Green lighting strategy can be established and adjusted according to the production purpose in the actual production.

Key words: plant factory, LED, green light, white light, lettuce

陈晓丽，杨其长，张馨，马太光，郭文忠，薛绪掌. LED绿光补光模式对生菜生长及品质的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2017, 50(21): 4170-4177.

CHEN XiaoLi, YANG QiChang, ZHANG Xin, MA TaiGuang, GUO WenZhong, XUE XuZhang. Effects of Green LED Light on the Growth and Quality of Lettuce[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2017, 50(21): 4170-4177.

0
/ / 推荐

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Reference Manager|ProCite|BibTeX|RefWorks

链接本文: https://www.chinaagrisci.com/CN/10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2017.21.011

https://www.chinaagrisci.com/CN/Y2017/V50/I21/4170

参考文献

[1]    WILSON S B, IWABUCHI K, RAJAPAKSE N C, YOUNG R E. Responses of broccoli seedlings to light quality during low- temperature storage in vitro: sugar content and photosynthetic efficiency. Hortscience, 1998, 33(7): 1258-1261.
[2]    陈俊伟, 张上隆, 张良诚. 柑橘果实遮光处理对发育中的果实光合产物分配、糖代谢与积累的影响. 植物生理学报, 2001, 27(6): 499-504.CHEN J W, ZHANG S L, ZHANG L C. Effects of fruit shading on photosynthate partitioning, sugar metabolism and accumulation in developing satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc.) fruit. Acta Photophysiologica Sinica, 2001, 27(6): 499-504. (in Chinese)
[3]    LIU X Y, GUO S R, CHANG T T, XU Z G. Regulation of the growth and photosynthesis of cherry tomato seedlings by different light irradiations of light emitting diodes (LED). African Journal of Biotechnology, 2012, 11(22):6169-6177.
[4]    LIN K H, HUANG M Y, HUANG W D, HSU M H, YANG Z W, YANG C M. The effects of red, blue, and white light-emitting diodes on the growth, development, and edible quality of hydroponically grown lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. capitata). Scientia Horticulturae, 2013, 150: 86-91.
[5]    JOHKAN M, SHOJI K, GOTO F, HAHIDA S, YOSHIHARA T. Effect of green light wavelength and intensity on photomorphogenesis and photosynthesis in Lactuca sativa. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 2012,75: 128-133.

[6] 蒲高斌, 刘世埼, 刘磊, 任丽华. 不同光质对番茄幼苗生长和生理特性的影响. 园艺学报, 2005, 32(3): 420-425.

PU G B, LIU S Q, LIU L, REN L H. Effects of different light qualities on growth and physiological characteristics of tomato seedlings. Acta Horticulturae Sinica , 2005, 32(3): 420-425. (in Chinese)

[7] TERASHIMA I, FUJITA T, INOUE T, CHOW W S, OGUCHI R. Green light drives leaf photosynthesis more efficiently than red light in strong white light: revisiting the enigmatic question of why leaves are green. Plant and cell physiology, 2009, 50(4): 684-697.

[8] MATEROVÁ Z, SOBOTKA R, ZDVIHALOVÁ B, ORAVEC M, NEZVAL J, KARLICKÝ V. Monochromatic green light induces an aberrant accumulation of geranylgeranyled chlorophylls in plants. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 2017, 116: 48-56.

[9] TALBOTT L D, ZHU J, HAN S W, ZEIGER E. Phytochrome and blue light-mediated stomatal opening in the orchid, paphiopedilum. Plant & Cell Physiology, 2002, 43(6): 639-646.

[10] KIM H H, GOINS G D, WHEELER R M, SAGER J C. Green-light supplementation for enhanced lettuce growth under red- and blue- light-emitting diodes. Hortscience, 2004, 39: 1617-1622.

[11] FOLTA K M. Green light stimulates early stem elongation: antagonizing light-mediated growth inhibition. Plant Physiology, 2004, 135(3): 1407-1416.

[12] BOULY J P, SCHLEICHER E, DIONISIO-SESE M, VANDENBUSSCHE F, STRAETEN D V D, BAKRIM N. Cryptochrome blue light photoreceptors are activated through interconversion of flavin redox states. Journal of biological chemistry, 2007, 282(13): 9383-9391.

[13] KEVIN M F, STEFANIE A M. Green light: a signal to show down or stop. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2007, 58(12): 3099-3111.

[14] 赵飞, 高志奎. 光质对黄瓜幼苗绿色叶片叶绿素荧光的影响. 中国农学通报, 2011, 27(10): 161-167.

ZHAO F, GAO Z K. Chlorophyll fluorescence of green leaves by light quality in white cucumber seeding. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2011, 27(10): 161-167. (in Chinese)

[15] CHEN X L, XUE X Z, GUO W Z, WANG L C, QIAO X J. Growth and nutritional properties of lettuce affected by mixed irradiation of white and supplemental light provided by light-emitting diode (LED). Science Horticulture, 2016, 200: 111-118.

[16] 伍洁. 光质配比对生菜生长、品质及养分吸收的影响[D]. 广州: 华南农业大学, 2016.

WU J. Effects of light quality on the growth, quality and nutrient absorption of lettuce[D]. Guangzhou: South China Agricultural University, 2016. (in Chinese)

[17] 闻婧, 杨其长, 魏灵玲, 程瑞锋, 刘文科, 孟力力. 不同红蓝LED对生菜形态与生理品质的影响. 北京: 中国农业科学技术出版社，2011: 246-253.

WEN J, YANG Q C, WEI L L, CHENG R F, LIU W K, MENG L L. Effects of Different Red and Blue LED on the Morphological and Physiological Quality of Lettuce. Beijing: China Agricultural Science and Technology Press, 2011: 246-253. (in Chinese)

[18] DOUGHER T A O, BUGBEE B. Differences in the response of wheat, soybean and lettuce to reduced blue radiation. Photochemistry & Photobiology, 2001, 73(2): 199-207.

[19] HOGEWONING S W, TROUWBORST G, MALJAARS H, POORTER H, IEPEREN W V, HARBINSON J. Blue light dose-responses of leaf photosynthesis, morphology, and chemical composition of Cucumis sativus grown under different combinations of red and blue light. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2010, 61(11): 3107-3117.

[20] KIM H H, WHEELER R M, SAGER J C, GOINS G D, NORIKANE J H. Evaluation of lettuce growth using supplemental green light with red and blue light-emitting diodes in a controlled environment-a review of research at Kennedy Space Center. International Symposium on Artificial Lighting in Horticulture, 2005, 711: 111-120.

[21] BASSAL M, EL-HAMAHMY M. Hot water dip and preconditioning treatments to reduce chilling injury and maintain postharvest quality of Navel and Valencia oranges during cold quarantine. Postharvest Biology & Technology, 2011, 60(3): 186-191.

[22] ZAHARAH S S, SINGH Z. Postharvest nitric oxide fumigation alleviates chilling injury, delays fruit ripening and maintains quality in cold-stored “Kensington Pride” mango. Postharvest Biology & Technology, 2011, 60: 202-210.

[23] PADAYATTY S J, KATZ A, WANG Y, ECK P, KWON O, LEE J H. Vitamin C as an antioxidant: evaluation of its role in disease prevention. Journal of the American college of Nutrition, 2003, 22(1): 18-35.

[24] OBA K, ISHIKAWA S, NISHIKAWA M, MIZUNO H, YAMAMOTO T. Purification and properties of L-galactono-gamma-lactone dehydrogenase, a key enzyme for ascorbic acid biosynthesis, from sweet potato roots. Journal of Biochemistry, 1995, 117(1): 120-124.

[25] CHEN X L, GUO W Z, XUE X Z, WANG L C, QIAO X J. Growth and quality responses of ‘Green Oak Leaf’ lettuce as affected by monochromic or mixed radiation provided by fluorescent lamp (FL) and light-emitting diode (LED). Scientia Horticulturae, 2014, 172(172): 168-175.

[26] BOROUJERDNIA M, ANSARI N A, DEHCORDIE F S. Effect of cultivars, harvesting time and level of nitrogen fertilizer on nitrate and nitrite content, yield in Romaine lettuce. Asian Journal of Plant Sciences, 2007, 6(3): 550-553.

[27] JIN S J, CHO H J, CHUNG J B. Effect of soil salinity on nitrate accumulation of lettuce. Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer, 2004, 37(2): 91-96.

[28] SAMUOLIEN? G, SIRTAUTAS R, BRAZAITYT? A, DUCHOVSKIS P. LED lighting and seasonality effects antioxidant properties of baby leaf lettuce. Food chemistry, 2012, 134(3): 1494-1499.

[29] SUN J, NISHIO J N, VOGELMANN T C. Green light drives CO₂ fixation deep within leaves. Plant and Cell Physiology, 1998, 39(10): 1020-1026.

[30] LILLO C. Light regulation of nitrate reductase in green leaves of higher plants. Physiologia Plantarum, 1994, 90(3): 616-620.