中国农业科学 ›› 2017, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (21): 4100-4106.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2017.21.004

• 耕作栽培·生理生化·农业信息技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

弱筋小麦扬麦13品质对氮肥响应的稳定性分析

高德荣1,2,宋归华2,张晓1,张伯桥1,李曼1,江伟1,吴素兰1

 
  

  1. 1江苏里下河地区农业科学研究所/农业部长江中下游小麦生物学与遗传育种重点实验室,江苏扬州 2250072长江大学农学院,湖北荆州 434025
  • 收稿日期:2017-03-31 出版日期:2017-11-01 发布日期:2017-11-01
  • 作者简介:高德荣,E-mail:gdr@wheat.org.cn
  • 基金资助:
    农业部现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-3-2-11)、江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20160448)、江苏省农业科技自主创新项目(CX(14)2002)、扬州市科技计划项目(YZ2014167)

Quality Consistency of Soft Wheat Yangmai 13 Under Different Nitrogen Application

GAO Derong1,2, SONG Guihua2, ZHANG Xiao1, ZHANG Boqiao1, LI Man1, JIANG Wei1, WU Sulan1   

  1. 1 Lixiahe Regional Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Jiangsu/Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Breeding in the Middle and Lower Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangzhou 225007, Jiangsu; 2 College of Agronomy, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, Hubei
  • Received:2017-03-31 Online:2017-11-01 Published:2017-11-01

摘要: 【目的】系统研究不同施氮量和施氮模式对扬麦13理化品质和饼干加工品质的影响,为弱筋小麦生产和育种提供理论支撑。【方法】试验于2012—2014年在江苏里下河地区农业科学研究所试验基地进行,设4个氮肥处理:A1(120 kg·hm-2)、A2(180 kg·hm-2)和A3(240 kg·hm-2),氮肥运筹采用基肥:壮蘖肥:拔节肥7﹕1﹕2模式;A4(300 kg·hm-2),氮肥运筹采用基肥﹕壮蘖肥﹕拔节肥5﹕1﹕4模式。成熟后收获晒干,测定籽粒蛋白质含量、面粉湿面筋含量、SDS沉淀值、粉质仪参数、吹泡仪参数及溶剂保持力(SRC)等理化品质指标;按AACC 10-52方法制作饼干,并测定饼干直径、厚度和酥脆性。【结果】在不同施氮量和施氮模式下,扬麦13蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量及面团形成时间存在显著或极显著差异,SDS沉淀值、面团稳定时间、吸水率、吹泡仪参数(P值、L值、P/L和W值)及4种SRC值(水SRC、碳酸钠SRC、乳酸SRC和蔗糖SRC)均无显著差异,饼干加工品质包括饼干直径、直厚比、酥性和脆性亦无显著差异。扬麦13蛋白质含量随施氮量的增加而增加,且各处理间差异显著。湿面筋含量随施氮量的增加而增加,仅A4与A1和A2差异显著。氮肥对扬麦13籽粒产量影响达到极显著水平,产量随施氮量的增加而增加,A1处理产量最低,A4处理产量最高,但A2、A3、A4处理间无显著差异。年份间蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量、吸水率、P值及饼干直径无显著差异,而形成时间、稳定时间、L值、P/L、W值及部分饼干评价参数存在显著或极显著差异。氮肥与年份的互作对SDS沉淀值、稳定时间、吸水率、P值、L值、P/L、W值、饼干直径和厚度等大部分品质参数无显著影响,但对蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量、形成时间、饼干厚度及脆性具有显著影响。【结论】施氮量和施氮模式对SDS沉淀值、SRC值、粉质仪参数、吹泡仪参数等多数理化品质指标和饼干加工品质无显著影响。利用扬麦13可以生产品质优良稳定的原粮,说明培育品质对氮肥响应钝感,指标较稳定的弱筋小麦品种是可能的。

关键词: 弱筋小麦, 品质, 稳定性, 氮肥

Abstract: 【Objective】The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of nitrogen application rate and regime on dough properties and end-use quality of soft wheat Yangmai 13, and to provide information for the production and breeding of soft wheat. 【Method】 Field experiments were conducted over two cropping seasons (2012-2014) in Lixiahe Regional Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Jiangsu. Yangmai 13 was planted in a randomized complete block design with three replications at four different nitrogen treatments (A1: 120 kg·hm-2, A2: 180 kg·hm-2, A3: 240 kg·hm-2, A4: 300 kg·hm-2). The nitrogen application ratio of A1, A2 and A3 treatments in seedling stage, tillering stage and jointing stage was 7:1:2, and A4 treatment was based on 5:1:4. Quality parameters, including protein content, wet gluten content, SDS sedimentation value, farinograph parameters, alveograph parameters, SRC values and cookie qualities, were investigated to understand the effect of nitrogen fertilizer on the quality of Yangmai 13. 【Result】The results indicated that protein content, wet gluten content and dough development time were influenced significantly by nitrogen amount and regime. However, slight effect was observed for SDS sedimentation value, stability, water absorption, P value, L value, P/L, W value, SRC value, and cookie quality parameters except for cookie thickness. Increasing the amount of N application increased protein content and wet gluten content. Grain yields were found to increase with increasing nitrogen fertilizer, while differences among A2, A3 and A4 were non-significant. The factor of year had no significant effect on protein content, wet gluten content, water absorption, P value or cookie diameter, while other quality parameters were strongly influenced by year. There were no significant interactions between nitrogen fertilizer and year for most quality parameters, except for protein content, wet gluten content, dough development time, cookie thickness and fracturability. 【Conclusion】 Nitrogen application amount and regime have no significant influence on most physical-chemical quality parameters, including SDS sedimentation value, SRC value, farinograph parameters and alveograph parameters, and cookie processing quality. Therefore, Yangmai 13 could be planted as a stable quality soft wheat. The results also suggest that it is possible to breed soft wheat varieties with good and stable quality to N application.

Key words: soft wheat, quality, stability, nitrogen fertilizer