中国农业科学 ›› 2017, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (12): 2326-2337.doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2017.12.013

• 园艺 • 上一篇    下一篇

园艺作物褪黑素的研究进展

巩彪,史庆华   

  1. 山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院/作物生物学国家重点实验室/农业部黄淮海设施农业工程科学观测实验站,山东泰安 271018
  • 收稿日期:2016-12-12 出版日期:2017-06-16 发布日期:2017-06-16
  • 通讯作者: 史庆华,E-mail:qhshi@sdau.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:巩彪,E-mail:gb_gongbiao@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(31501779)、山东省优秀中青年科学家科研奖励基金(BS2014NY005)、中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2015M582130)、山东省博士后创新项目专项资金(201502006)

Review of Melatonin in Horticultural Crops

GONG Biao, SHI QingHua   

  1. College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Huang-Huai-Hai Region Scientific Observation and Experimental Station of Environment-Controlled Agricultural Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture, Tai’an 271018, Shandong
  • Received:2016-12-12 Online:2017-06-16 Published:2017-06-16

摘要: 褪黑素是一种在生物体中广泛存在的吲哚胺类化合物,在动物中具有调节昼夜节律、提高免疫力和抗衰老的作用,是一种对人类健康有益的保健佳品。现已发现褪黑素在高等植物中广泛存在,其生物合成途径以L-色氨酸为底物,途径色胺、5-羟色胺、N-乙酰-5-羟色胺,最终生成褪黑素。目前,植物中鉴定到的褪黑素合成关键酶有:L-色氨酸脱羧酶(TrpDC)、色氨酸羟化酶(T5H)、5-羟色胺-N-乙酰转移酶(SNAcT)、N-乙酰-5-羟色胺甲基转移酶(AcSNMT)和羟基吲哚-O-甲基转移酶(HIOMT)。虽然目前有关褪黑素在园艺作物中的功能研究还不是很多,但已有研究表明,褪黑素在园艺作物中具有促进生长,增加产量,促进种子萌发,调节光周期,调控根系发育,延迟叶片衰老,影响果实成熟和贮藏等生理功能。而褪黑素的抗氧化特性又赋予它较强的活性氧(ROS)清除能力,且褪黑素能提高光照、温度、水分、盐碱、重金属和氧化胁迫下的抗氧化酶活性。此外,褪黑素还参与了包括生长素(IAA)、赤霉素(GA)、脱落酸(ABA)、乙烯(ETH)、水杨酸(SA)、多胺(PAs)和一氧化氮(NO)等物质介导的信号转导途径,组成了控制园艺作物生长、发育和抗性获得的复杂信号网络。文中从“褪黑素在植物中的生物合成,园艺作物中的褪黑素含量及影响因素,褪黑素在园艺作物生长、发育中的作用,褪黑素在园艺作物胁迫应答中的作用,褪黑素调控植物生长发育和抗逆性的信号转导网络”5个方面对褪黑素在园艺生产中的作用进行综述。重点阐述已经发现的褪黑素在园艺作物上的功能作用,对其潜在生理功能进行了预测,并从提升园艺作物褪黑素含量方面展望了今后需重点开展的研究。

关键词: 褪黑素, 园艺作物, 生长, 发育, 胁迫应激

Abstract: Melatonin is a kind of indoleamine compound that is widely existed in organism. In animal, melatonin acts as a health care product for human and plays a role in the regulation of circadian rhythm, improving immunity and anti-aging. Melatonin has been detected in a number of plant species up to now. And the biosynthesis pathway of melatonin includes L-tryptophane, tryptamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine and N-acetyl-5-hydroxytryptamine. The key enzymes involving melatonin biosynthesis have been detected in plants, including L-tryptophan decarboxylase (TrpDC), tryptophan hydroxylase (T5H), serotonin-N- acetyltransferase (SNAcT), 5-serotonin-N-acetyltransferase (AcSNMT) and hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase (HIOMT). The roles of melatonin in the horticultural crops kingdom are not clear enough. In recent years, several studies showed that melatonin has roles in regulating the growth of plants, increasing yield, activating seed germination, regulating photoperiod, regulating rhizogenesis, delaying leaf senescence, influencing fruit ripening and storage. The antioxidant properties of melatonin would seem to explain, at least partially, its ability to fortify plants reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging that subjected to stresses, such as light, temperature, water, saline-alkali, heavy metal and oxidative stress. In addition, melatonin also involves some signaling transduction pathways including auxin (IAA), gibberellic acid (GA), abscisic acid (ABA), ethene (ETH), salicylic acid (SA), polyamine (PAs) and nitric oxide (NO), which form a complicated signaling network of growth, development and stress tolerance in horticultural crops. Recent data on five fields of “the biosynthesis of melatonin in plants, the melatonin of horticultural crops and influence factor for their melatonin content; roles of melatonin in growth and development of horticultural crops; roles of melatonin in stress response of horticultural crops, signal transduction network of melatonin in plant growth, development and stress tolerance” were reviewed in this paper. And the values of melatonin in horticultural industry were also forecasted. This review presented a summary of the investigations in the plant melatonin field, and the potential functions of increasing melatonin content in horticultural crops were also predicted.

Key words: melatonin, horticultural crops, growth, development, stress response