基于EST-SSR标记的贵州野生刺梨居群遗传多样性分析

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2017.06.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】通过分析评价贵州野生刺梨（Rosa roxburghii Tratt）资源居群遗传多样性和遗传结构，为刺梨资源的保护和发掘利用提供科学依据。【方法】从刺梨EST-SSR引物中筛选扩增效果好、多态性较高的10对引物，对收集的12个野生刺梨自然居群（共255份资源）的遗传多样性及遗传结构应用POPGENE 1.31软件进行分析,并根据Nei’s标准遗传距离，利用NTSYS-pc2.10e软件对各居群进行聚类分析，同时进行Nei’s遗传距离与地理距离的Mantel相关性检验。【结果】居群内Shannon信息指数（I）为0.62—0.88，基因多样性指数（Nei’s）为0.40—0.52，且除福泉（FQ）和晴隆（QL）居群外，其余10个居群的多态位点百分率均为100%。此外，卡方检验显示12个居群在大多数位点上等位基因显著偏离Hardy-Weinberg平衡（P<0.05），且居群内近交系数（F_it）、总近交系数（F_is）均为负值，居群间分化系数F_st平均值0.0403，居群间基因流N_em平均值为5.9484、遗传一致度GI为0.9068—0.9926、最大Nei’s遗传距离为0.0978。各自然居群间Nei’s遗传距离与地理距离存在显著相关性（r=0.2498，P=0.9512）。【结论】10对EST-SSR引物具有高度的多态性，可作为有效的遗传标记用于刺梨居群遗传多样性和遗传结构评价。贵州省野生刺梨自然居群内的遗传多样性较高，存在杂合度过剩的现象，且绝大多数的遗传变异发生在居群内；居群间具有基因交流频繁、遗传一致度高、Nei’s遗传距离小等特点。

关键词: 刺梨, SSR, 遗传多样性, 居群遗传结构

Abstract: 【Objective】Genetic structure and genetic diversity of wild Rosa roxburghii resources were analyzed and evaluated in order to provide a scientific basis of the protection and excavation of R. roxburghii resources.【Method】Ten EST-SSR primers with good amplification and high polymorphism were used to analyze the genetic diversity and genetic structure within 12 populations including 255 R. roxburghii germplasms by POPGENE 1.31 software. According to Nei’s standard genetic distance, NTSYS-pc2.10e software was used to cluster the populations, and the Mantel correlation relationship between Nei's genetic distance and geographical distance was tested.【Result】The range of Shannon’s information index (I) was from 0.62 to 0.88, Nei’s gene diversity from 0.40 to 0.52. Total percentage of polymorphic loci (P) was 100% in these populations, except for Fuquan and Qinglong populations. The Chi-square test results showed that the 12 populations of R. roxburghii did not follow with the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium at most loci, and the F_it and F_is values were negative. Characteristics, such as F_st =0.0403, gene flow N_em=5.9484, genetic identity (0.9068<GI<0.9926) and genetic distance (GD<0.0978) were discovered among the 12 populations. Futhermore, Mantel test revealed a significant correlation between genetic and geographic distance among populations (r=0.2498, P=0.9512).【Conclusion】The 10 pairs of EST-SSR primers are highly polymorphic genetic markers which can be used effectively for evaluating genetic structure and genetic diversity of R. roxburghii. R. roxburghii in Guizhou province has moderate to high diversity. The vast majority of genetic variation and an excess of heterozygosity occur within populations. And among the populations, it has the characteristics of frequent gene exchange, high genetic consistency and small Nei 's genetic distance.

Key words: Rosa roxburghii, SSR, genetic diversity, population genetic structure

张怀山，鄢秀芹，鲁敏，王道平，安华明. 基于EST-SSR标记的贵州野生刺梨居群遗传多样性分析[J]. 中国农业科学, 2017, 50(6): 1098-1108.

ZHANG HuaiShan, YAN XiuQin, LU Min, WANG DaoPing, AN HuaMing. Analysis of the Genetic Diversity of Wild Rosa roxburghii Populations in Guizhou Province Based on EST-SSR Marker[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2017, 50(6): 1098-1108.

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