水培对叶菜型甘薯茎尖营养品质与硝酸盐含量的影响

doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2013.17.024

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】研究水培及不同营养液配方、不同N素形态及其比例对叶菜型甘薯茎尖营养品质与硝酸盐含量的影响。【方法】以1/2Hoagland配方（1/2 HL）、4种通用营养液、10种不同N素形态及其比例的营养液水培叶菜型甘薯，研究水培对其茎尖叶片、嫩茎和叶柄的营养品质及硝酸盐含量的影响。【结果】（1）与土壤栽培相比，1/2 HL水培提高了叶菜型甘薯VC、黄酮和硝酸盐含量，对蛋白含量没有显著影响。（2）叶菜型甘薯不同部位硝酸盐含量差异显著，其中嫩茎最高，叶片居中，叶柄最低。（3）不同营养液配方显著影响叶菜型甘薯硝酸盐含量。营养液华南B与1/2HL培养的硝酸盐含量显著高于华南A；园氏配方与土壤栽培相当，二者均极显著低于1/2HL、华南A和华南B。（4）营养液中不同N素形态及其比例对叶菜型甘薯叶片硝酸盐含量影响显著。硝态N提高了硝酸盐含量，而氨态N会减缓水培叶菜型甘薯硝酸盐含量的增加；酰氨态氮可以降低硝酸盐含量。【结论】与土壤栽培相比，水培提高了叶菜型甘薯VC、黄酮和硝酸盐含量，对蛋白质含量没有显著影响。水培营养液中增加硝态N会提高叶菜型甘薯硝酸盐含量，适量氨态N可减缓硝酸盐含量的增加。营养液中酰氨态氮可以降低硝酸盐含量。

关键词: 叶菜型甘薯 , 水培 , 品质 , 硝酸盐含量

Abstract: 【Objective】The effects of hydroponics with different nutrient solutions, nutrient solutions with different N forms and their ratio on nutritional quality and nitrate content in tender stem, leaf and petiole of the tips of leaf vegetable sweet potato were studied. 【Method】 Half-Hoagland(1/2HL) nutrient solution was used for hydro culturing leaf-vegetable sweet potato, the leaves, stems and petioles were sampled for determining the contents of nutrient components and nitrate after culturing for 3, 5 and 7 weeks. Four classical selected nutrient solutions and 10 other nutrient solutions modified with different N forms and ratios were used, nitrate content of leaf, stem and petiole of samples were determined after hydro cultured for 5 weeks. 【Result】The contents of VC, flavone and nitrate in leaf-vegetable sweet potato hydro cultured in the 1/2HL nutrient solution were significantly higher than that of cultured in the field, while there were no difference in protein contents between them. There were significant differences in nitrate content among different parts of leaf vegetable sweet potato plant, the content in the tender stem was the highest, the leaf was the medium, and the petiole was the lowest. There were significant effects of different nutrient solutions on the nitrate content in the leaf-vegetable sweet potato. The nitrate content in leaf-vegetable sweet potato cultured in Hua’nan B and 1/2HL solution were significantly higher than that in Hua’nan A. While the nitrate content in Yuansi solution was similar with that cultured in the field, and both of them were significantly lower than those in 1/2HL, Hua’nan A and Hua’nan B. There were significant effects of different N forms and their ratios in the nutrient solutions on the nitrate content in leaf-vegetable sweet potato. With the increasing of concentration and proportion of NO3--N in the solution, the nitrate content in leaf vegetable sweet potato increased. The appropriate content of NH4+-N in the solution retarded the increase of nitrate content in the leaf-vegetable sweet potato. (CO(NH2)2-N in the nutrient decreased the nitrate content of hydroponic leaf-vegetable sweet potato. 【Conclusion】Hydro culturing increased VC, flavone and nitrate contents in leaf-vegetable sweet potato, while had no influence on the protein content. More NO3--N in the nutrient solution increased the nitrate content of the leaf-vegetable sweet potato, while appropriate content of NH4+-N retarded its increase. (CO(NH2)2-N in the solution could decrease the nitrate content.

Key words: leaf vegetable sweetpotato , hydroponic , quality , nitrate content

陈选阳, 张招娟, 郑佳伟, 林羽立. 水培对叶菜型甘薯茎尖营养品质与硝酸盐含量的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2013, 46(17): 3736-3742.

CHEN Xuan-Yang, ZHANG Zhao-Juan, ZHENG Jia-Wei, LIN Yu-Li. Effects of Hydroponics on Nutrient Components and Nitrate Contents in Tips of Leaf Vegetable Sweet Potato[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2013, 46(17): 3736-3742.

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